Peripheral Nervous System Flashcards
What makes up the peripheral nervous system?
The cranial (12) and spinal (31) nerves
SAME
Sensory afferent ASCEND
Motor, efferent
Cranial nerves (12)
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1.olfactory 2. Optical 3. Occulomotor 4.Trochlear 5.Trigeminal 6. Abducens 7. Facial 8. Auditory (vestibuloccoclear) 9. Glossopharyngeal 10. Vagus 11. Accessory 12. Hypoglossal
Olfactory nerve
Sensory. Smell
Optical
Sensory. Sight
Occulomotor
Motor. Eye movement up, down, up-in. Pupil constriction. Lense shape. Eyelid
Trochlear
Motor. Superior oblique muscle. Down and diagonal
Trigeminal
Both. Sensory and motor movements to face. Muscles of mastication
Abducens
Motor. EYE movement out (lateral rictus muscle)
Facial
Both. Sensory and motor. Taste 2/3 and facial expression
Auditory (vestibulococclear)
Sensory. hearing and balance
Glossopharyngeal
Sensory and motor. Taste 1/3 (back part). Swallowing and salivary secretion
Vagus
Both. Sensory and motor. Autonomic Signals to viscera
Accessory
Motor. Movement of neck muscles
Hypoglossal
Motor. Movement of tongue.
Spinal nerves
Exit in pairs from the vertebra.
Cervical above vertebra
Thoracic, lumbar and sacral below
They each supply a region so we can determine which one is malfunctioning from this.
Dermatomes
Areas of skin supplied by sensory nerve fibres at each level
Myotomes
Skeletal muscle supplied by motor nerve at each level
If stretch reflex is present
Spastic paralysis, excessive muscle tone. Damaged upper motor neurone (usually hyperreflex) as they can’t inhibit but the reflex ark is still there.
Stretch reflex absent
Usually flaccid paralysis
Undertoned
No voluntary movement
Damage to spinal nerve because even sensory information is not conducted.
