Peripheral Nervous System Flashcards
What makes up the brain stem
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata
What is the frontal lobe process
Motor and high order function
What is the parietal lobe process
Sensory and sensory integration
What does the temporal lobe process
Auditory, smell and memory processing
What does the occipital lobe process
Visual and visual processing
What is the cervical enlargement for
Brachial plexus
What is the lumabr enlargement for
Lumbosacral plexus
Why are there enlargements
Wider and bigger where the limbs are developing there are bunch more nerves
Where does the spinal cord terminate
At the level of LII because of differential growth
What is the cauda equina
Made up of the spinal nerves that go to the lower lumbar, sacral and coccygeal
Stands for horses tail
What is conus medularis
End of spinal chord at L2
What is filum terminale
Not a nerve just an extension of pia matter
What is the posterior horn
Sensory input
What is lateral horn
Leave this way
What is anterior horn
This is motor output cell bodies synapses and reads out to the motor units
What is the central canal
Ceribum spinal fluid
Protects the spinal cord
Where do cell bodies of peripheral neurons exist
Anterior and lateral horns of the gray matter
Where are the cell bodies of peripheral sensory neurons
The dorsal root ganglion
What is Pia matter
It is tender/soft mother
Denticulate ligaments because they look like a shark tooth it anchors and stablizeze
What is arachnoid matter
Spider-like mother
Spider web projections give cerebral spinal fluid
What is the Dura Matter
Tough hard mother
This is the thick layer protecting
In what order are the layers of spinal cord meninges
Pia- Arachnoid - Dura
What are meninges
Tissue layers that wrap around the brain and spinal cord to anchor and protect them
Where is the cerebrospinal fluid located
In the subarachnoid space
Where is the subdural space
Below the dural between the arachonid and dura
What is a lumbar puncture
Targeting subarachnoid space for CSF sample for fast-acting spinal anesthesia
More extreme fast acting or you can use this to draw CF if it is in the blood
What is an epidural
Targeting epidural space for slow diffusion of anesthetic Absorbed by blood vessles slow diffusion
Where do the spinal nerves extend
Into the periphery from between vetebrae at each level of the spinal cord
Where do the the posterior horn nerves travel
There is the posterior dorsal ramus which is motor and sensory to the muscles of the back and skin
Spinal nerve which is motor and sensory
Posterior/dorsal root
Then posterior/dorsal rootlets
Where do the nerves go in the anterior process
Come from the anterior horn to the anterior rootlets
Then to the anterior root
Then to the spinal nerve
Then to the anterior ramus
Which is motor and sensory to all other muscles and skin
What do posterior dorsal horn rootlets and roots cary
Sensory
What do anterior and ventral horn rootlets and roots carry
Motor
What do all rami carry
Motor and sensory
What is a dermatome
Area of skin innervated by fibers from a single spinal nerve
What is a nerve map
Area of skin innervated by a single peripheral nerve
Where do sympathetic neurosn arise from
The lateral horn of the spinal cord at levels of T1-L2 and join the sympathetic trunk
Does the cervical spinal cord have lateral horns
No
Does the thoracic spinal cord have lateral horns
No
Where do neurons travel in the sympathetic trunk
To carry sympathetic fight flight ot fright acend or decent neurons can enter lower levels and go up
What is the difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic
Sympathetic system arises from T1-L2
Parasympathetic is craniosacral it has cranial nerve and a sacral portionf from S2-S4
What are functions of cranial nerves
General Somatic: Skeletal muscle skin
General Visceral: Blood vessels,glands,intraocular muscles
Special somatic, Vison hearing
Special visceral: Taste and smell
