Peripheral Nerves 1 (part 3)

Question 1

Origin: Thoracolumbar Fascia (white, tendinous material that can become inflamed. Fascia attached to the iliac crest and lower thoracic and lumber vertebra (about T7-L5))

Insertion: muscle narrows down into a triangular part, passes underneath the axillary region, and attaches to the humerus.
Innervated by the Thoracodorsal nerve (posterior cord)

Answer 1

Latissimus Dorsi muscle

Question 2

Origin: Inferior Angle of the Scapula
Insertion: Humerus
Innervated by the Lower Subscapular nerve

Answer 2

Teres Major

Question 3

2 Muscles:
-Active internal rotation of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint
-Active adduction of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint (pulls upper limb back against body wall when it’s out in abduction).
-Active extension of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint (bringing arm back down to a starting position).

Answer 3

Function of the Teres Major and Latissimus Dorsi muscles

Question 4

The most flexible joint in our body and the most often dislocated.
-Ball-in-socket Joint
-Head of Humerus fits into the Glenoid Fossa (teardrop shaped- shallow)
-Can get a lot of movement because it’s shallow
-Normal ROM is about 120 degrees

Answer 4

Glenohumeral Joint

Question 5

Origin: Transverse Processes of the Upper Cervical Vertebra
Insertion: Medial Border of the Scapula
Function: Elevates & stabilizes the Scapula.
Innervation: Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

Answer 5

Levator Scapulae muscle

Question 6

Origin: Spinous processes of the Upper Thoracic Spine
Insertion: Medial border of the Scapula
Function: Stabilizes the scapula, retracts shoulders (stand at attention), and rotates the scapula inferiorly and upward.
-Pulls the Inferior angle of the scapula down, so that the upper part goes up.
Innervation: Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

Answer 6

Rhomboids Major and Minor muscles

Question 7

Posterior:
-Inferior Angle: bottom, swings one way or ther other
-Spine: Ridge running R-L, divides it into two parts
-Acromion Process: widened edge of the spine
-Infraspinous Fossa: wide open space below spine, origin for Infraspinatus muscle
-Supraspinous Fossa: space above the spine, origin for Supraspinatus muscle
Anterior:
-Subscapular Fossa: origin for the Subscapularis muscle
-Coracoid Process: lateral side, sticks out like a doorknob

Answer 7

Parts of the Scapula

Question 8

Horseshoe shaped muscle that starts on the spine of the scapula, curls around the acromion process, and ends up on the clavicle
-Fibers come to a point and insert on the Humerus, makes a bump called the Deltoid Tuberosity
-Anterior, Middle, and Posterior
Innervated by the Axillary Nerve

Answer 8

Deltoid muscle

Question 9

Part of the Deltoid that produces active flexion (raising arm up out front) and internal rotation of the GH joint

Answer 9

Anterior Deltoid muscle

Question 10

Part of the Deltoid that produces active abduction of the GH joint.

Answer 10

Middle Deltoid muscle

Question 11

Part of the Deltoid that produces active extension (elbow/arm back to starting) and external rotation of the GH Joint

Answer 11

Posterior Deltoid muscle

Question 12

Joint between the medial aspect of the clavicle and articulates with the sternum
-Can protract, retract, depress, and rotate forwards/backwards
-Backup function for the GH joint
-About 60 degrees ROM

Answer 12

Sternoclavicular Joint

Question 13

Joint existing between the clavicle and acromion process.
-Shoulder flexibility
-About 30 degrees ROM

Answer 13

Acromioclavicular Joint

Question 14

Not really a joint but functions as one. Allows the scapula to glide in all directions over the posterior aspect of the thorax.
-Accompanies the movement of the other joints to achieve their full ROM.
-Adds 60 degrees ROM to the other joints

Answer 14

Scapulothoracic Joint

Question 15

As far as shoulder joints are concerned, the normal ROM is divisible by 30.

Answer 15

Rule of 30.

Question 16

GH Joint (120) + ST (60) = 180 degrees ROM

Answer 16

ROM with Scapulothoracic Joint