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Anatomy Unit 3 > Peripheral Nerves 1 (part 2) > Flashcards

Peripheral Nerves 1 (part 2) Flashcards

1
Q

8 Cervical
12 Thoracic
5 Lumbar
5 Sacral
1 Coccygeal

A

Spinal Cord Segments (31 total)

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2
Q

Spinal Cord rootlets gather together to make a spinal root (dorsal or ventral). The spinal roots then join peripherally into a spinal nerve.

Rootlets -> Roots -> Nerve

A

Spinal Cord Segments

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3
Q

Sensory. Cell bodies are located peripherally in a dorsal root ganglion.
-Bring sensory (afferent) fibers to the spinal cord
-GSA/GVA fibers

A

Dorsal Spinal Root

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4
Q

Motor. Cell bodies are located within the Ventral Gray Horn of the spinal cord
-Carry motor (afferent) fibers away from the spinal cord
-SE/GVE fibers

A

Ventral Spinal Root

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5
Q

As soon as the spinal nerve is formed, it branches into Dorsal and Ventral ____ ____.

A

Primary Rami

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6
Q

Mixed fibers
-Medial: Sensory
-Lateral: Motor

A

Dorsal Primary Rami

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7
Q

Formed by the VPR of Spinal Nerves.
-Mixing of Axons gives the upper limbs their variability, excitability, and ability to carry out different tasks

A

Brachial Plexus

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8
Q

A high block that uses a Cervical Approach via the Cricoid Cartilage (C4-C6). Injection goes into the interscalene gap (between the anterior and middle scalene)
-Provides anesthesia for the proximal upper limb (shoulder surgeries)

A

Interscalene Block

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9
Q

A block that goes over the top of the clavicle to anesthetize the elbow region (upper limb)

A

Supraclavicular Approach

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10
Q

A block done to anesthetize the wrist/hand (distal limb)

A

Axillary Approach

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11
Q

A layer of connective tissue that is wound around the brachial plexus (Saran wrap). Keeps everything held together.
-Used in anesthesia: Inject medication into the space between this and the brachial plexus
-This holds the anesthesia in place like a bag around the brachial plexus

A

Axillary Sheath

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12
Q

Where the proximal portion of the Brachial Plexus sits. Right behind the SCM, between the Anterior and Middle Scalene muscles
-Also contains the Subclavian Artery

A

Scalene Gap (notch/opening)

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13
Q

About halfway down the SCM, where you can see C5-C8 & T1

A

Erb’s Point

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14
Q

C5 & C6 VPR make the Upper
C7 VPR makes the Middle
C8 & T1 VPR make the Lower

A

Trunks

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15
Q

The posterior divisions of the Upper, Middle, and Lower Trunks

A

Posterior Cord of the Brachial Plexus

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16
Q

The anterior division of the upper trunk and the anterior division of the middle trunk

A

Lateral Cord of the Brachial Plexus

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17
Q

The division of the lower trunk continues forward to the form the ____.

A

Medial Cord of the Brachial Plexus

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18
Q

If you have C4 giving a contribution to C5

A

Pre-fixed Brachial Plexus

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19
Q

If you have T2 giving a contribution to T1

A

Post-fixed Brachial Plexus

20
Q

As soon as the Subclavian Artery passes through the Scalene Gap and touches the lower border of the first rib, it changes into the ____.

A

Axillary Artery

21
Q

When the Axillary Artery gets to the lower border of the Teres Major muscle, it turns into the ____.

A

Brachial Artery

22
Q

The part of the Axillary artery from the 1st rib to the Pectoralis Minor muscle

A

1st part

23
Q

The part of the Axillary Artery that is covered by the Pectoralis Minor Muscle

A

2nd part

24
Q

The part of the Axillary Artery that is from the lower border of the Pectoralis Minor muscle to the Teres Major muscle.

A

3rd Part

25
Q

The artery beyond the lower border of the Teres Major muscle

A

Brachial Artery

26
Q

One of the terminal branches of the Posterior Cord.
-Runs through the Axilla
-Can be damaged with crutch-use

A

Axillary nerve

27
Q

A terminal branch of the Posterior Cord

A

Radial Nerve

28
Q

A distal extension of the Lateral Cord.
-Has to be anesthetized on its own. Lies outside of the Axillary Sheath

A

Musculocutaneous Nerve

29
Q

Formed by contributions from the Lateral and Medial Cord.
-Where the Lateral and Medial Cords join together at the midline

A

Median Nerve

30
Q

An extension of the Medial Cord

A

Ulnar Nerve

31
Q

Formed by C5, C6, and C7. Runs down the mid-axillary line
-Avoid this area with chest tubes

A

Long Thoracic Nerve

32
Q

A tiny nerve that comes off of C5.
-Pierces the Middle Scalene Muscle
-Innervates the Levator Scapulae and Rhomboids Major and Minor muscles

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve

33
Q

A very small nerve coming off of the Upper Trunk.
-Innervates a muscle that exists between the 1st rib and clavicle to stabilize these two structures against each other

A

Nerve to the Subclavius Muscle

34
Q

A nerve that comes off of the Upper Trunk that innervates the Supraspinatus and Infraspinatus muscles (above and below the spine of the scapula).

A

Suprascapular Nerve

35
Q

A branch off of the Lateral Cord that innervates the Pectoralis Major Muscle

A

Lateral Pectoral Nerve

36
Q

A nerve that comes off of the Posterior cord and can have multiple branches.
-Innervates the Subscapularis Muscle

A

Upper Subscapular Nerve

37
Q

A nerve that comes off of the Posterior Cord and runs across the back of the chest.
-Innervates Latissimus Dorsi muscle.

A

Thoracodorsal Nerve

38
Q

A nerve that comes off of the Posterior Cord (most distal of the three branches)
-Innervates the Subscapularis and Teres Major muscles

A

Lower Subscapular Nerve

39
Q

A nerve that comes off of the Medial Cord that innervates the Pectoralis Minor and Major muscles.

A

Medial Pectoral Nerve

40
Q

A nerve that comes off of the Medial Cord that supplies general sensation to the medial aspect of your arm.

A

Medial Brachial Cutaneous nerve

41
Q

A nerve that comes off of the Medial Cord that supplies general sensation to the medial part of the forearm.

A

Medial Antebrachial Cutaneous nerve

42
Q

Nerve that is derived from T2 (not in the Brachial Plexus)
-Responsible for general sensation to the very anterior edge of the axillary region (proximal, medial portion of the arm)
-Has to be blocked separately because it’s not a part of the Brachial Plexus
-Joins on with the Medial Brachial Cutaneous nerve later on

A

Intercostobrachial Cutaneous nerve

43
Q

An upper limb muscle that is innervated by CN XI (Spinal Accessory Nerve)
-Has 3 parts: Upper, Middle, and Lower
-Helps form the pectoral girdle with the shoulder, clavicle, and scapula.
-Forms a U-shape on the lateral side of the shoulder where muscles attach.
-Moves the shoulder girdle around to do work.

A

Trapezius muscle

44
Q

Origin: Superior Nuchal Line
Insertion: Shoulder
-Contracts to pick the shoulder up
-Can reverse origin/insertion to extend the head back as well
-CN XI

A

Upper Trapezius muscle

45
Q

Origin: Upper Thoracic Vertebra
Insertion: Scapula (pectoral girdle)
-Contracts: fibers run horizontally, so it retracts the scapula (pulls it back and into attention)

A

Middle Trapezius muscle

46
Q

Muscle that causes scapular depression (down) and also at the same time, flips the scapula up (upward rotation)

A

Lower Trapezius muscle

Anatomy Unit 3 (9 decks)

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