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Periodontology Flashcards

1
Q

***What kind of tissue is gingiva

A

keratinized

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2
Q

what is inflammation of the tissue

A

gingivitis

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3
Q

***What kind of gingivitis is MOST gingivitis

A

chronic-plaque-associated gingivitis

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4
Q

What are the 5 ardinal signs of acute inflammation

A 
Redness (erythema)
Pain (dolar)
Heat (calor)
Swelling (tumor)
Loss of function (functio laesa)
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5
Q

What are the descriptions of gingivitis

A 
Extent
Distribution
Color
Contour
Testure
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6
Q

what gingival condition has a “life saver” appearance

A

festooned

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7
Q

What is edema

A

glossy surface due to fluid infiltration (hallmark sign of acute inflammation)

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8
Q

What is Fibrosis

A

Surface tissue is highly stippled due to increase in cellular and fibrous components, may present with pallor (hallmark sign of chronic inflammation)

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9
Q

What is the MOST obvious result of vasodilation of the peripheral circulation

A

EDEMA (accumulation and retention of plaque causing swelling)

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10
Q

What are the main functions of the PDL (5 points)

A

attach teeth to bone
resists impact of occlusal forces
shock absorber for nerves/vessels
supplies nutrients to periodontal structures
transmits touch, pain and pressure sensation

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11
Q

***What are Sharpey’s fibers

A

collagenous fiber bundles that attach cementum and bone

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12
Q

***What are the largest and most significant fiber group that extends from cementum CORONALLY to bone

A

Oblique fibers

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13
Q

***What do oblique fibers do

A

withstands masticatory stress in a vertical direction

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14
Q

***Where are intrradicular fibers found

A

ONLY in mult-rooted teeth extending from cementum to bone in areas of furcation

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15
Q

What is cementum

A

the calcified or mineralized tissue layer covering the root of the tooth

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16
Q

Where is cementum the thicketst

A

at the apex of the root and between the roots of multi rooted teeth

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17
Q

where is cementum the thinnest

A

at the CEJ

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18
Q

What is the difference between cementum and bone

A

there is no blood or blood supply in cementum

19
Q

what is the main function of cementum

A

to provide attachment to the collagen fibers present in the PDL

20
Q

What is a suprabony defect

A

base of pocket is coronal to the alveolar bone; a pocket without bone loss but enlarged tissues

21
Q

What is an Intrabony defect

A

the base of the pocket is apical to crest of the alveolar bone; bone loss

22
Q

What do pregnancy-associated gingivitis and pyogenic granulomas result from (3 points)

A

progesterone (hormone that causes vascular inflammation)
Prevotella intermedia
Camphylobacter rectus

23
Q

Is vitamin C and protein essential to the periodontium?s

A

yes

24
Q

what is idiopathic

A

no treatment for- the etiology is not well understood

25
Q

What is a recurrent apthus stomatitis

A

common, erythematous halo, yellow or grey floor, does NOT appear infections, contagious or sexually transmitted and is uncommon on keratinized mucosa

26
Q

What is the downward or apical migration of the junctional epithelium

A

bone loss

27
Q

what is the loss of connective tissue attachment

A

bone loss

28
Q

What is slight periodontal involvement

A

1-2 mm of CAL

29
Q

what is moderate periodontal involvement

A

3-4 mm CAL

30
Q

what is severe periodontal involvement

A

> 5 mm CAL

31
Q

what is localized perio involvement

A

<30% of sites are involved

32
Q

what is generalized perio involvement

A

> 30% of sites are involved

33
Q

What kind of periodontitis is generally genetic

A

aggressive periodontitis

34
Q

***What is the most common site effected by aggressive periodontitis

A

the maxillary first molar

35
Q

***What are the most common pathogens involved in aggressive periodontitis

A

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and porphyromonas gingivalis

36
Q

***What is neutropenia

A

a deficiency of neutrophils or polymorphonuclear cells

37
Q

What is the first cell to arrive at the site of inflammation

A

neutrophils (polymorphonucleocyte or PMN)

38
Q

What are the most common neutrophil defects or disorders

A

cyclic neutropenia and Chediak-higashi syndrome

39
Q

***Is there any evidence for an association between periodontal inflammation and multiple sclerosis

A

yes- periodontal therapy may positively impact MS

40
Q

what is the difference between NUP and NUG

A

patients with NUP demonstrate loss of clinical attachment and alveolar bone at affected sites

41
Q

what antibiotic is often warranted for necrotizing periodontal diseases (NUP, NUG)

A

tetracycline because it concentrates in the gingival crevicular fluid and has anti-collagenase properties

42
Q

what are common clinical findings of NUP/NUG

A 
punched out papilla
psuedomembrane
fetid odor
pain
severe inflammation
43
Q

what is a parulis

A

a gingival abscess or gum boil characteristically found at the opening of a fistula tract of a periapical infection

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