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Oral Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Herpangina

A
  • Vesicles or ulcers of posterior oral cavity or soft palate
  • flu-like symptoms
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2
Q

**What is physiologic pigmentation

A

varies with dark skinned individuals

(recognize pic for boards)

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3
Q

Ankyloglossia

A
  • Tongue tie
  • short, thick lingual frenum
  • more common in males
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4
Q

Cementoma

A
  • Mixed radio-opaque/lucent lesions on the apex of vital teeth-generally mandibular anterior
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5
Q

***Ranula

A
  • Mucocele of the floor of the mouth
  • usually associated with sublingual gland
  • Floor of the mouth swelling
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6
Q

Nasolabial cyst/ Nasolacrimal cyst

A
  • Located over the maxillary canine region
  • May lift ala of the nose
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7
Q

Geographic tongue

A
  • Areas of arythema/atrophy of filiform papillae, surrounded by raised, white border
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8
Q

Herpetic whitlow

A

Recrrent and painful HSV infection of the fingers

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9
Q

What is Dilaceration

A

exaggerated curve or bend in a tooth, root or crown

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10
Q

What is external Resorption

A
  • resorption of the teeth externaly
  • unknown etiology
  • generally caused by braces
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11
Q

Fissured tongue

A
  • fissures and grooves on dorsal tongue surface
  • common in down syndrome clients
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12
Q

Sialolithiasis

A
  • Calcification within gland or duct
    • Wharton’s (submandibular) duct most common site
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13
Q

What is the most common form of microdontia

A

“peg lateral” maxillary lateral incisor

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14
Q

What is Erythematous candidiasis

A

form of thrush that appears reddened, associated with HIV/AIDS clients

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15
Q

Lupus erythematosis-Chronic discoid

A
  • Autoimmune disorder with periods of remission
  • Mucosa and skin ulcerations
  • *Butterfly rash* found on the face
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16
Q

What is Dentinogensis Imperfecta

A

Inherited dentin disorder. Teeth are discolored-opalescent

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17
Q

***Pyogenic Granuloma

A
  • “Pregnancy tumor” - hormonal influenced, especially during pregnancy
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18
Q

What is Dens in Dente

A

Tooth within a tooth

generally the maxillary lateral incisor; accentuation of the lingual pit

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19
Q

What is a melanotic macule

A

a flat, brown freckle found intraorally or on the lip.

asymptomatic, no treatment required

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20
Q

What is Turner’s tooth

A

hypocalcified permanent tooth; enamel is inhibited possibly due to trauma affecting crown development

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21
Q

What are Hutchinson’s incisors

A

type of hypoplasia caused by syphilis

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22
Q

Peripheral giant cell granuloma

A
  • Giant cells present - multinucleated
  • looks similar to a pyogentic granuloma, but larger
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23
Q

Sjögren syndrome

A
  • Autoimmune disease causing xerostomia and dry eyes
  • may lose papillae
  • Painful
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24
Q

Hemangioma

A
  • Developmental vascular leasion
  • generally found on tongue and more common in females
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25
Q

Gingival Hyperplasia

A
  • Increase in number of cells present causing inflammation
  • Treatment-gingivectomy, OHI
  • generally a side effect of a medication
    • Phenytoin, Calcium Channel Blockers, Cyclosporine..
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26
Q

Traumatic ulcer

**make sure to be able to differentiate between this and apthus ulcer**

A
  • Caused by trauma-biting, vigorous brushing, eathing hard pointed chips
  • painful
  • 7-14 day healing time
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27
Q

Dysplasia

A
  • Premalignant lessions
  • Possible premalignancy to Squamous cell carcinoma
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28
Q

**Kaposi’s sarcoma

A
  • **Common in HIV infected clients**
  • Neoplastic leason
  • multiple bluish-purple and white macules and plaques
  • rapidly growing tumor
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29
Q

Hairy tongue

A
  • elongation of the filiform papillae
  • heavy smoking, antibiotic therapy, poor oral hygiene
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30
Q

What is the most common supernumerary teeth?

A
  1. mesiodens 2. maxilarry molar area (a fourth molar)
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31
Q

What is extrinsic stain

A

stain caused by environmental factors; wine, tobacco, grape juice

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32
Q

What is an amalgam tattoo

A
  • Gray, blue-black, flat lesion
  • amalgam particles embedded in soft tissue
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33
Q

What is internal resorption

A

generally from a pulp injury, pulp may show through enamel and tooth may appear pink

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34
Q

Actinic Keratosis

A
  • Precancerous skin lesion that may lead to squamous cell carcinoma
  • irregularly shaped and scaly plaque
  • sun exposure is a factor
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35
Q

***Pleomorphic adenoma/Mixed tumor

A
  • Most common tumor of the salivary glands-benign
  • Parotid gland most common location
  • Painless
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36
Q

Radicular cyst/ Pariapical cyst

A
  • Found at apices of necrotic tooth
  • Tooth extraction or endodontic treatment

~Residual cyst-remnant of redicuar cyst

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37
Q

What is gemination

A
  • two teeth have developed from a single root
  • teeth in the arch are normal count
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38
Q

Aphthous ulcer

**Make sure to beable to differentiate between this and traumatic ulcer**

A
  • Recurring and painful, well-circumscribed with erythematous halo
  • located on unattached mucosa
  • stress, acidic or trauma induced
  • incidence in smokers
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39
Q

Condensing osteitis

A
  • Radiopaque lesion at the apex of inflamed or necrotic teeth
40
Q

Herpes simplex virus-2: HSV-2

A
  • genital herpes

(sorry not looking up a picture for this one..use your imagination lol)

41
Q

Macroglossia

A
  • enlarged tongue
  • excess growth hormone
  • common in down syndrome
42
Q

What is addison’s disease

A
  • freckles on buccal mucosa, gingiva, tngue and lips
  • petechia also on palate
43
Q

What is Taurodontism

A

“bull tooth” enlarged body of tooth with smaller root portion.. enlarged pulp chamber, apical displacement of pulpal floor, lack of constriction at the cEJ. Commonly seen in Down Syndrome clients

44
Q

Paget’s disease

(Osteitis deformans)

A
  • Bones are malformed- larger and thicker
  • “Cotton-wool” radiopacities
  • High risk for osteosarcanoma
45
Q

ameloblastoma

A
  • Usually multilocular radiolucency -soap bubble or honey combed radiolucency-
  • generally posterior mandible
  • high recurrence rate
46
Q

Psuedomembranous

A
  • white plaques that WIPE OFF
47
Q

Varicosities/Varix/Varices

A
  • Dilated superficial feins
  • Prominent on ventral tongue
48
Q

What is Concrescence

A

teeth are joined at cementum

(generally second and third molars)

49
Q

What is fusion

A

two teeth are joined during development resulting in one large tooth

tooth count is one less than normal

50
Q

Candida albicans

A
  • most common fungal infection
  • can present with burning
51
Q

Mumps

A
  • Virus transmitted through saliva or respiratory secretions
  • Bilateral parotid enlargement
  • Flu-like symptoms
52
Q

Green Staining

A

more serious in children; may be caused by hyperbilirubinemia, hemolytic disease, marijuana use

could become intrinsic over time

53
Q

Lichen Planus

A
  • Skin disease that may appear as fine lace-like white lines (reticular)-Wickam’s striae or red ulcerations (erosive)
54
Q

Globulomaxillary Cyst

A
  • Found between maxillary lateral and canine incisors
55
Q

What is a Diastema

A

Space between two adjacent teeth

56
Q

Chronic Hyerplastic Pulpitis/ Pulp polyp

A
  • Inflammed pulp tissue within a tooth that is severely decayed or has a large open carious lesion
  • painless
57
Q

***Fibroma

A
  • Most common tumor of oral cavity
  • Hyperplastic tissue in response to irritation
58
Q

**Odontoma**

A
  • Most common bone conditionn, usually benign
  • Primarily enamel and dentin tissue
  • Resembles teeth

***Be prepared for a case study***

59
Q

What is Oligodontia

A

congenitally missing 6 or more teeth

60
Q

Epulis fissuratum

A
  • Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia
  • Fibroma around denture flange, caused by ill-fitting denture
61
Q

What is intrinsic stain

A

dentin is darkened; generally caused from enlarged pulp chamber or trauma.

62
Q

Hand-foot-mouth disease (coxsackie virus)

A
  • Ulcerations or vesicles of feet, mouth and hands
  • painfu
  • flu-like symptoms
  • prevalent in young children
63
Q

Melanoma

A
  • Pigmented tumor
  • most dangerous form of skin cancer
64
Q

What is bruxism

A

a form of attrition-excessive grinding

65
Q

Nasopalatine Duct Cyst

A
  • Radiolucency at midline of maxillary anteror
  • heart shaped appearance anterior to nasal spine
66
Q

Actinic Cheilitis

A
  • Precancerous lesion on lower lip
  • red, white, ulcerated and or crusted appearance
67
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A
  • Oral cancer-most common
  • often on lateral surfaces of tongue or floor of mouth
68
Q

Lateral Periodontal Cyst

A
  • Common between roots of mandibular premolars
  • unable to probe
69
Q

**Gardner’s syndrome**

A
  • Associated with supernumerary teeth
  • Familia autosomal disease
  • Premalignant colon plyps
  • multiple osteomas and tumors
  • epidermoid cysts
70
Q

Herpes simplex virus-1: HSV-1

A
  • Oral herpes
  • Painful, red, multiple vesicles progressing to ulcers
  • systemic problems include malaise, fefer, lymphadenopathy
  • common in young childeren
  • May cause itching, burning and redness
  • Triggered by stress, sun exposure, fever, mensturation
  • Heal in 7-10 days
  • Treatment- Acyclovir or antiviral creams
71
Q

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

A
  • Mononucleosus infection-fatique, malaise, palatal petechaie
  • Oral hairy eukoplaki
  • transmitted via droplets
72
Q

Primordial Cyst

A
  • Replaces tooth
73
Q

In what conditions are anodontia most common

A

Ectodermal dysplasia (abnormal development of teeth) Oligodontia (Congenitally missing teeth)

74
Q

Basal cell carcinoma

A
  • MOST COMMON TYPE OF SKIN CANCER
  • Sun exposed skin is most prevalent area to be affected
75
Q

Cleidocranial dysostosis (dysplasia)

A
  • Rare autosomal disease
  • ***hypoplastic or absent clavicals***
  • dental abnormalities
76
Q

Leukoedema

A
  • Milky white lesions of buccal mucosa that DISAPPEAR WHEN STRETCHED
77
Q

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)

A
  • Chicen pox
  • Shingles
78
Q

What are mulberry molars

A

type of hypoplasia caused by syphelis

79
Q

Angular Cheilitis

A
  • Fissured areas at corner of the mouth
  • Similar appearance to riboflavin (B2) deficiency
  • Treat topically with nystatin, clotrimazol or systemically with ketoconazole or fluconazol
80
Q

Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC)

AKA Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT)

A
  • Associated with basal cell carcinoma
  • commonly in posterior of the mandible rather than maxilla
  • high recurrence, benign but progressive
81
Q

Multiple myeloma

A
  • Bone marrow tumors- poor pronosis, often fatal
  • causes anemia and painful bone
  • punched out radiolucent bone, including jaw
82
Q

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

A
  • mostly in immunocompromised
  • oral mucosal ulcerations
83
Q

Snuff dippers keratosis

A
  • Smokless tobacco lesions
  • Wrinkled, corrugated white lesion at site of placement
  • leukoplakia with increased risk of develpment of malignancy
  • associted commonly with gingival recession, tooth staining and decay
84
Q

Papilloma

A
  • Caused by HPV
  • Cauliflower-like
  • Peduculated-stalked
85
Q

Median Rhomboid Glossitis

Central Papillary Atrophy

A
  • Red, atrophic area
  • often associated with candida albicans
  • anterior to circumvallate papilla
86
Q

Dentigerous cyst

A
  • Located around crown of impacted tooth
  • Generally mandibular wisdom teeth and maxillary canines
  • Displace unerupted tooth
87
Q

What is amelogenesis imperfecta

A

amelo=enamel hereditary disorder of enamel formation

88
Q

Leukoplakia

A
  • White plaque/patches on oral mucosa that CANNOT BE WIPED OFF
  • airy leukoplakia-associated with HIV cliants, white patch on lateral boarder of tongue
  • generally benign
  • hyperkeratotic or squamous cell carcinoma
89
Q

Mucocele

A
  • Lower lip most common site
  • bluish/pink fluid-filled nodule
  • caused by traumatic severance of salivary gland duct
  • If the salivary gland is not removed, it may reoccur
90
Q

Papillary hyperplasia of the palate (Pseudopapillomatosis)

A
  • Papillary lesions under maxillary denture, especially if denture never removed
  • will have to excise tissue and remove denture
91
Q

Nicotinic stomatitis

A

aka smoker’s palate

Whate, coarse, nodular appearance to hard palate in smokers

scattered red ‘dots’ are the orifices of inflamed minor salivary glands

92
Q

Stafne’s bone cyst

A
  • Depression on the mandible at the inferior alveolar canal-submandibular gland
  • no treatment indicated
93
Q

In what conditions do you most commonly see supernumerary teeth

A

Cleidocrandial dysostosis (the boy from stranger things) Gardner’s syndrome

94
Q

**Myasthenia Gravis (MG)**

A
  • Long-term neromuscular disease
  • varying degrees of skeletal muscle weakness
95
Q

**Stevens-Johnson Syndrome**

A
  • Erythema multiforme major
    • multiple mucosal surfaces are ulcerated
    • usually triggered multiple medication use
  • Hemorrhagic crusting of lips
  • “Bull’s eye”

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