Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Oral Biology > Periodontium > Flashcards

Periodontium Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Name functions of the periodontium (3)

A
  1. Retains tooth in socket
  2. Resists masticatory loads
  3. Defensive barrier: protecting tissues against threats from the oral environment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the junctional epithelium

A

The physical barrier separating the body tissues from the oral environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How is periodontal disease classified? (2)

A
  1. Diseases of the gingiva alone

2. Diseases of all periodontal tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name the periodontal tissues (4)

A
  1. Cementum
  2. Alveolar bone
  3. Gingiva
  4. Periodontal ligament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Functions of cementum (2)

A
  1. Covers root dentine

2. Provides attachment for some periodontal fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Structure of cementum?

A
  • Collagen matrix

- Lamellar arrangement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What cells produce cementum?

A

Cementum is laid down by cementocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name the 2 types of cementum

A
  1. Acellular cementum

2. Cellular cementum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

State 3 properties of acellular cementum

A
  1. No cells within
  2. Usually adjacent to dentine
  3. First formed (primary cementum)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

State 3 properties of cellular cementum

A
  1. Contains cementocytes
  2. Later formed (secondary cementum)
  3. Present in apical part of root and in furcation regions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What type of cementum contains sharpey’s fibres?

A

Acellular extrinsic fibre cementum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of cementum does NOT contain sharpey’s fibres?

A

Cellular intrinsic fibre cementum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Location of acellular extrinsic fibre cementum?

A

Present on the cervical 2/3rd of roots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Function of cellular intrinsic fibre cementum?

A
  • No role in tooth attachment

- May represent a transitional form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of cementum is better at regeneration?

A

Acellular

- As it provides anchorage so its better at regeneration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why is cellular intrinsic fibre cementum less successful at treating perio disease?

A

Lack of sharpey’s fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Formation of the alveolar bone

A
  • Cortical plate forms the inner lining of the tooth socket
18
Q

Function of the alveolar bone

A
  • Provides attachment for periodontal ligament fibres (sharpens fibres)
  • Alveolar bone support the teeth
  • penetrated by nutrient canals (Volkmanns)
19
Q

In terms of the alveolar bone, what happens when teeth are lost?

A

The alveolar process is resorbed, leaving a residual ridge

20
Q

What is contained within the periodontal ligament? (5)

A
  1. Cells
  2. Extracellular matrix
  3. Fibres
  4. Nerves
  5. Blood vessels
21
Q

What makes up the PDL matrix (ground substance?) (3)

A
  1. Hyaluronate GAGs
  2. Glycoproteins
  3. Proteoglycans

behave as a viscoelastic gel (capacity to return to original shape)

22
Q

What cells are present in the PDL? (5)

A
  1. Fibroblasts
  2. Cementoblasts
  3. Osteoclasts/cementoclasts
  4. Epithelial cells
    - Debris of malassez
  5. Defence cells
23
Q

What nerves are present in the PDL (2)

A
  1. Sensory

2. Autonomic (sympathetic)

24
Q

Function of sensory nerves in the PDL (2)

A

Mechanoreceptors (AB + A delta fibres)
- Proprioception; chewing control

Nociceptors (A delta + C fibres)

  • Protective reflexes
  • inhibit jaw elevator motor neurons
25
Q

Function of the autonomic nerves in the PDL

A

Blood vessel control - vasoconstriction

26
Q

What type of fibres are myelinated?

A

Fibres

27
Q

Function of adrenaline in LA?

A

Adrenaline in LA reduces blood flow and reduces clearance

28
Q

What is the blood supply for the PDL? (2)

A
  1. From inferior and superior alveolar arteries
    - Passing into the PDL from the alveolar bone
  2. From lingual and palatine arteries
    - Supplying the gingivae
29
Q

What are the types of periodontal LIGAMENTS present in the PDL? (2)

A
  1. True periodontal ligament
    - Fibres connecting the tooth to bone at or apical to the alveolar crest
  2. Gingival ligament
    - Mainly above the alveolar crest, including ‘free gingival’ fibres
30
Q

State functions of the periodontal ligament (3)

A
  1. Attaches the tooth to the jaw
  2. Transmits biting forces to the alveolar bone
  3. Organised (regular) connective tissue
31
Q

State the width of the PDL

A

Approx 0.2mm

32
Q

What are the types of periodontal FIBRES present in the PDL? (3)

A
  1. Collagen (Types I and III)
    > Principal fibres - true periodontal ligament
    > Supports tooth; load-bearing
  2. Oxytalan fibres
    > Present in human PDL
    > Function uncertain
  3. Elastic fibres
    > Absent in humans
33
Q

What are the PDL principal fibre groups, and what are they made up of? (2)

A

Alveolo-dental ligament

  1. Alveolar crest
  2. Horizontal
  3. Oblique
  4. Apical
  5. Interradicular (multi-rooted teeth)

Interdental ligament
1. Transseptal fibres

34
Q

State the function of oblique fibres in the PDL

A

Rotational activity of the tooth

35
Q

State the function of apical fibres in the PDL

A

Coil that receives the forces

36
Q

Function of the gingival fibre group in PDL

A

Supports the free gingivae

37
Q

Where is the gingival fibre group found?

A

Present in the lamina propria in the marginal gingiva:

> Dento-gingival
Alveolo-gingival
Dento-periosteal
Circular

38
Q

Compare free + attached gingivae

A

Free:
Gingivae that is not attached to bone

Attached
Gingivae that is attached to bone

39
Q

Function of the free gingival groove?

A

Separates the free and attached gingiva

40
Q

Name examples of intrusive forces that the PDL may be exposed to (4)

A
  1. Mastication
  2. Swallowing
  3. Speech
  4. Parafunction (e.g. clenching/grinding)
41
Q

Name examples of RARE extrusive forces that the PDL may be exposed to (2)

A
  1. Sticky foods

2. Orthodontic forces

42
Q

What are the effects of loading on a tooth? (4)

A
  1. Initial elastic component
  2. Later viscous ‘creep’
  3. Tension in PDL fibres
  4. Compression of ECF

Oral Biology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions