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Dental Hygiene: Theory & Practice > Periodontium > Flashcards

Periodontium Flashcards

1
Q

List the components of the periodontium

A

gingiva
periodontal ligament
cementum
alveolar bone

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2
Q

Describe masticatory oral mucosa

A

keratinized
on attached gingiva and hard palate
immovable

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3
Q

Describe specialized oral mucosa

A

found on the tongue papilla

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4
Q

Describe lining oral mucosa

A

found on buccal, labial, alveolar mucosa, and floor of mouth

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5
Q

Free/marginal gingiva

A

portion of the gingiva surrounding the neck of the tooth, is not directly attached to tooth

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6
Q

Free gingival groove

A

shallow line or depression on the surface of the gingiva dividing the free gingiva from the attached gingiva

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7
Q

Attached gingiva

A

portion of the gingiva that extends apically from the area of the free gingival groove to the mucogingival junction
-firmly bound to bone
-1-9mm (widest at incisors narrower at posteriors)

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8
Q

Mucogingival junction

A

scalloped line dividing the attached gingiva from the alveolar mucosa
*may need to roll probe over area to find it

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9
Q

Col

A

valley like depression which connects papilla and conforms to the shape of interproximal contact area

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10
Q

What are the two parts of the dentogingival unit

A

junctional epithelium
firbous attachment of the connective tissue tissue (lamina propria)

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11
Q

Describe junctional epithelium

A

precise zone of junction between epithelium and tooth
-non keratinized
-base of sulcus
-vascular

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12
Q

Describe fibrous attachment of the connective tissue

A

these attachments to the cementum help maintain functional integrity
-gingival fibers do not insert into bone

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13
Q

What is the function of the periodontal ligament

A

-ties tooth to all surrounding structures
-evenly distributed mechanical forces among teeth
-sharpeys fibers attach cementum to bone

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14
Q

Normal vs disease gingiva (color)

A

normal: pale pink to coral
diseased: coral pink to bluish-red to deep blue

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15
Q

Normal vs disease interdental papilla

A

normal: triangular fills embrasures, not bulging out
diseased: bulbous (slight ballooning due to inflammation)
blunted (flattened due to bone loss)
cratered (ditched out due to loss of cortical plate and septum)

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16
Q

Normal vs diseased marginal gingiva

A

normal: envelopes teeth collar, thin knife edge around necks of teeth
diseased: edematous, rolled

17
Q

McCall’s festoon

A

enlargement of the margin like a lifesaver

18
Q

Stillman’s cleft

A

straight or apostrophe shaped indentation from from gingival margin along root surface
*trauma NOT pathogenic

19
Q

What is the least reliable tool is detecting changes of the periodontium?

A

loss of stippling texture to the gingiva

20
Q

Gingival vs Periodontal pocket

A

gingival: no apical migration (no changes in alveolar bones) pseudo pocket
periodontal: apical migration, loss of crestal bone, true pocket

21
Q

Localized

A

less than 30% of the mouth

22
Q

Generalized

A

more than 30% of the mouth

23
Q

List the causes of mobility

A

-loss of tooth support
-trauma from occlusion

24
Q

Describe when mobility is at its peak

A

when the patient wakes up, lessens throughout the day
*incisors have most mobility

25
Q

Class I mobility

A

movement 1mm buccal to lingual

26
Q

Class II mobility

A

movement 2mm buccal to lingual

27
Q

Class III mobility

A

movement 3mm buccal to lingual and apically (depressable into socket)

28
Q

Fremitus

A

palpable vibration of teeth
*we only evaluate MAX not mand

29
Q

List the causes of bone loss

A

-local factors (biofilm/plaque, homecare)
-chronic inflammation (gingivitis or perio)
-trauma from occlusion

30
Q

Class I furcation involvement

A

root trunk can be felt with probe but probe cannot enter the furcation area

31
Q

Class II furcation involvement

A

probe is able partially enter furcation but not all the way to other side

32
Q

Class III furcation involvement

A

probe passes completely through the furcation

33
Q

Class IV furcation involvement

A

probe passes completely through furcation and the furcation entrance is visible above gingiva

34
Q

Normal vs diseased radiographic signs

A

normal: alveolar bone 1-2mm apical to CEJ, bone level follows CEJ tooth to tooth, crestal lamina dura intact, regular periodontal ligament space

diseased: more than 2mm, fuzziness and break in crestal lamina dura, cupping and graying of interdental septum, widening or narrowing periodontal ligament space

35
Q

According to the AAP, a patient is a periodontitis case if…

A

-interdental clinical attachment loss is detectable at 2 or more non adjacent teeth or
-facial and lingual clinical attachment loss of 3mm or more with pocketing greater than 3mm detectable at 2 or more teeth

Dental Hygiene: Theory & Practice (12 decks)

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