Ergonomics

Question 1

What is ergonomic philosophy

Answer 1

workstations fits the user rather than the user fits the equipment

Question 2

What is the goal of ergonomics?

Answer 2

achieve a state of musculoskeletal balance that protects the body from repetitive strain and cumulative injury affecting muscles, tendons, and nerves which cause RSI MSDs (musculoskeletal disorders)

Question 3

List the factors included in the principals of ergonomics

Answer 3

-environmental
-equipment
-positioning
-performance
-person level
-personal health and self care

Question 4

List the ergonomic hazards

Answer 4

-awkward postures
-fixed working positions
-force
-repetitive movement

Question 5

What are the 3 recommended classification of motion

Answer 5

Class I: using finger only
Class II: using finger and wrist
Class III: using fingers, wrist, and arm

Question 6

The head should be distanced how far from the area of viewing

Answer 6

15-22 inches

Question 7

What are the contraindications for supine positioning of patient

Answer 7

Meniere’s disease, severe asthma, chronic bronchitis, severe cold or sinusitis, emphysema, congestive heart condition, cerebral vascular ineffeciency, hiatal hernia, pregancy, vertigo

Question 8

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)

Answer 8

symptoms:
-nocturnal parasthesia
-numbness of thumb, index, and radial half of ring finger
-weakness of pinch and grasp
-radiating pain
-atrophy of thumb muscles
causes:
-grasping small instruments
-repetitive wrist movement
-forceful movement and strain
risk factors
-repetitive tasks
-women 40-60 years of age
-during pregnancy
-water retention

Question 9

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Answer 9

symptoms:
-decreased motor function due to nerve compression & blood flow
cause:
-tilting head forward
-hunching shoulders
-continuously reaching

Question 10

Surgical Glove Injury

Answer 10

symptoms:
-tingling in fingers
-cold extremities
-loss of muscle control and hand strength
-numbness
cause:
-gloves being too tight

Question 11

Trigger Finger

Answer 11

symptoms:
-inability to extend fingers or thumb
cause:
-repetitive use of fingers and hands
-pinching instrument handle

Question 12

De Quervain’s Syndrome

Answer 12

symptoms:
-aching and weakness of thumbs
-pain migrating into forearm
cause
-hand twisting and forceful gripping (causes inflammation of tendons and tendon sheath at base of the thumb)

Question 13

Rotator’s Cuff Tendinitis

Answer 13

symptoms:
-severe pain and impaired function of the shoulder joint
cause:
-holding elbow above waist level and upper arms away from body