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Perio Comps > Periodontal Diagnosis > Flashcards

Periodontal Diagnosis Flashcards

1
Q

common bacteria that causes gingivitis associated with dental plaque only in absence of AL

A

Actinomyces viscosis

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2
Q

gingival inflammation on a reduced periodontium

A

inflammation and recession but no evidence of active periodontitis

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3
Q

clinical features of dental plaque induced gingival diseases

A
  1. redness
  2. edema
  3. BoP
  4. smooth and shiny surface texture
  5. no radiographic bone loss (unless on a reduced periodontium)
  6. gingival cratering where the buccal and lingual tissues are present but directly intterproximally, some tissue is absent
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4
Q

gingival diseases modified by systemic factors

A
  1. pregnancy gingivitis
  2. puberty gingivitis
  3. associated with diabetes
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5
Q

puberty gingivitis is associated with what bacteria?

A

Prevotella intermedia (Pi)

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6
Q

gingival enlargement due plaque induced, drug influenced gingivitis is due to what?

A

an increase in fibroblast activity as a response to inflammation resulting in increased CT formation with a decrease in production of enzyme collagenase

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7
Q

drugs that induce gingival enlargement

A
  1. anti-convulsant medication - phenytoin
  2. immunosuppressants (for transplant patients) - cyclosporin
  3. calcium channel blockers - nifedipine, verapamil, amlodipine
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8
Q

how is acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (classified under necrotizing perio disease) characterized?

A
  1. pain
  2. spontaneous bleeding
  3. punched-out interdental papillae
  4. gray necrotic pseudomembrane
  5. erythematous borders
  6. fetid odor
  7. possible lymphadenopathy
  8. modified by malnutrition
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9
Q

viral non-plaque induced gingivitis

A

acute herpetic gingivostomatitis (children)

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10
Q

genetic non-plaque induced gingivitus

A

hereditary gingival fibromatosis

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11
Q

what is the hallmark for periodontitis?

A

progressive attachment loss in the presence of inflammation

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12
Q

periodontitis is most typically (but not always) is accompanied with what?

A
  1. periodontal pockets

2. radiographic bone loss

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13
Q

what factors must be taken into consideration when dx’ing periodontitis?

A
  1. radiographic bone loss
  2. clinical attachment loss
  3. pocket depth
  4. inflammation
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14
Q

where will the jxnal epithelium be if there is facial, lingual, or proximal gingival recession in the absence of inflammation (a reduced but healthy periodontium)?

A

will also be on the root

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15
Q

is patient considered to have periodontitis if there is radiographic bone loss but no inflammation?

A

the disease may be inactive

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16
Q

pseudo-pocket

A

gingiva several mm coronal to CEJ without attachment loss

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17
Q

the most typical pattern of perio disease progression occurs where?

A

at interproximal sites

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18
Q

what is the most diagnostic descriptor of periodontal disease?

A

forms of periodontitis

19
Q

chronic periodontitis affects who?

A

most prevalent in adults over 35, but can occur younger adults destruction is consistent with local factors

20
Q

how can chronic periodontitis be classified?

A
  1. basis of extent (localized or generalized)

2. severity (slight, moderate or severe)

21
Q

aggressive periodontitis is associated with what?

A

immunologic defects (familial aggregation but patients are otherwise healthy)

22
Q

who is affected by localized aggressive periodontitis?

A
  1. circumpubertal (adolescent) onset

2. greater incidence in African-Americans

23
Q

characteristics of localized aggressive periodontitis

A
  1. neutrophil chemotaxis defect

2. robust serum antibody response

24
Q

where does localized aggressive periodontitis affect?

A

localized to 1st molar/incisor involvement with no more than 2 other involved permanent teeth

25
Q

which bacteria is traditionally associated with localized aggressive periodontitis?

A

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa)

26
Q

T/F: for patients with localized aggressive periodontitis, there may be a burst of activity followed by a prolonged period of inactivity (quiescence) or burn-out (not episodic) however may generalize in later life

A

true

27
Q

T/F: patients with localized aggressive periodontitis may have their incisors undergo pathologic migration/drifting/shifting

A

true

28
Q

who is affected by generalized aggressive periodontitis?

A

persons under 30 years of age (age is important)

29
Q

characteristics of generalized aggressive periodontitis

A
  1. poor serum antibody response to infecting agents
  2. pronounced (exaggerated) episodic pattern for attachment loss and bone loss at different sites
  3. generalized interproximal attachment loss on at least 3 permanent teeth in addition to first molars and incisors
30
Q

periodontitis due to systemic disease associated with hematologic disorders

A
  1. acquired neutropenia

2. leukemia (various forms)

31
Q

periodontitis due to systemic disease associated with genetic disorders or inborn errors of metabolism (frequently neutrophil defects present)

A
  1. familial and cyclic neutropenia
  2. Down’s syndrome
  3. leukocyte adhesion deficiency
  4. Papillon-Lefevre syndrome
  5. Chediak-Higashi syndrome
  6. histiocytosis
  7. genetic agranulocytosis
  8. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (collagen synthesis defect)
  9. hypophosphatasia
32
Q

nectrotizing ulcerative periodontitis (NUP) may be associated with what type of patients?

A

patients who are HIV+

33
Q

clinical findings of nectrotizing ulcerative periodontitis (NUP)

A
  1. gingival craters/loss of interproximal papillae
  2. pseudo-membranous slough
  3. linear gingival erythema
  4. possibly exposed bone
  5. fetid odor
  6. lymphadenapthy
  7. angular chelitis
34
Q

predisposing factors of nectrotizing ulcerative periodontitis (NUP)

A
  1. smoking
  2. stress
  3. poor OH
  4. poor nutrition
35
Q

types of abscess of periodontium

A
  1. gingival
  2. periodontal
  3. pericoronal
36
Q

how is abscess of periodontium treated?

A
  1. I&D

2. amoxicillin

37
Q

mucogingival deformities

A
  1. gingival recession
  2. lack of keratinized tissue (gingiva)
  3. pocketing that reaches mucogingival junction and aberrant frenum or muscle pull
38
Q

primary occlusal trauma

A

excessive forces on a normal periodontium

39
Q

secondary occlusal trauma

A

normal or excessive forces on a weakened periodontium

40
Q

localized

A

less than 30% of teeth involved (different criteria for generalized aggressive)

41
Q

generalized

A

equal to or greater than 30% of teeth involved

42
Q

slight bone loss

A

1-2 mm attachment loss

43
Q

moderate bone loss

A

3-4 mm attachment loss

44
Q

severe bone loss

A

5 mm or greater attachment loss

Perio Comps (12 decks)

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