Pathogenesis of Periodontal Disease

Question 1

models of periodontal disease progression

Answer 1

1. continuous paradigm
2. random burst theory
3. asynchronous multiple burst theory

Question 2

continuous paradigm

Answer 2

disease progression is slow, steady, and linear

Question 3

continuous paradigm fits the pattern of which perio disease?

Answer 3

chronic perio

Question 4

random burst theory

Answer 4

unpredictable bursts of disease activity followed by quiescence (remission) and then new bursts, frequently at different

Question 5

random burst theory fits the pattern of which perio disease?

Answer 5

generalized aggressive perio

Question 6

asynchronous multiple burst theory

Answer 6

specific sites show bursts of activity followed by an indefinite period of inactivity, but other sites show no activity

Question 7

asynchronous multiple burst theory fits the pattern of which perio disease?

Answer 7

localized aggressive perio

Question 8

bacterial products (virulence factors) of perio disease

Answer 8

1. proteolytic and other tissue destructive hydrolytic enzymes (e.g. bacterial collagenase)
2. lipopolysaccharides (LPS)

Question 9

what are the most potent bacterial substance elicited and results in host cytokine release and immunopathic response?

Answer 9

lipopolysaccharides (LPS)

Question 10

leukotoxins kill what?

Answer 10

WBCs

Question 11

dominant inflammatory cells in perio disease

Answer 11

1. neutrophils
2. lymphocytes
3. macrophages
4. plasma cells
5. mast cells

Question 12

what is the most dominant inflammatory cell in perio disease?

Answer 12

neutrophils

Question 13

which inflammatory cells are the first line of defense in the INITIAL LESION of gingivitis and present in high numbers during acute episodes of periodontitis and periodontal abscesses?

Answer 13

neutrophils

Question 14

neutrophils produce superoxides which does what?

Answer 14

kill bacteria esp anaerobes

Question 15

which inflamm cells dominate early lesion?

Answer 15

lymphocytes

Question 16

“T” lymphocytes produce cytokines such as interleukins that simulate what?

Answer 16

bone resorption and release of metalloproteinases (collagenase and other lytic enzymes)

Question 17

role of macrophages

Answer 17

phagocytose and breakdown antigens for lymphocytes

Question 18

which inflamm cells dominate in established gingivitis and are the resident cell type in gingivitis and chronic periodontitis?

Answer 18

plasma cells (derived from B lymphocytes)

Question 19

what do plasma cells produce?

Answer 19

immunoglobulin

Question 20

mast cells produce what?

Answer 20

mainly histamine and heparin