Periodic table,electron structure and configuration

Question 1

Electronic structure feature Link to the periodic table

Answer 1

Number of shells = Period number
Number of electrons in outermost shell =Group number
Numbers added together =Atomic number

Question 2

In the modern periodic table:

Answer 2

elements are arranged in rows, called
periods
, in order of increasing
atomic number
elements with similar properties are placed in vertical columns, called
groups

Question 3

Why is it called the periodic table?

Answer 3

The table is called the periodic table because elements with similar properties occur at regular intervals.

Question 4

how many occupy the first second and third shells?

Answer 4

First shell:2
Second shell:8
Third shell:8

If there is more shells onwards the max electrons you can have in that shell is 8 if it is a full outer shell.

Question 5

Properties of a metal

Answer 5

Good conductor of electricity
Good conductor of heat
shiny
high density
malleable
ductile

Question 6

Properties of a non-metal

Answer 6

Poor conductor of electricity
Poor conductor of heat
Dull
Low density
Brittle

Question 7

Elements in group 1 and group 2 are?

Answer 7

Metals

Question 8

What is the correlation between group number and the number of electrons in the outer shell?

Answer 8

The group number and the number of electrons in the outer shell are the same.

Question 9

Elements in groups 6, 7 are?

Answer 9

Non-metals

Question 10

What do atoms with metal elements do to form positive ions?

Answer 10

Atoms of metal elements give away electrons in their reactions to form positive ions. The ions formed have a full outer electron shell, so are very stable.

Question 11

What do atoms with non-metal elements do?

Answer 11

Atoms of non-metal elements gain electrons in some of their reactions to form negative ions. The ions formed have a full outer electron shell, so are very stable.

Question 12

Chemical properties

Answer 12

Chemical changes happen when chemical reactions occur. They involve the formation of new chemical elements or compounds.

Question 13

Physical properties

Answer 13

In a physical change, a substance simply changes physical state. For example, from a solid to a liquid.

Question 14

How are elements in the periodic table ordered

Answer 14

Elements in the periodic table are in order of increasing atomic number.

Question 15

What was John Dalton atomic theory?

Answer 15

(1) Elements consist of indivisible small particles (atoms).
(2) All atoms of the same element are identical; different elements have different types of atom.
(3) Atoms can neither be created nor destroyed.

Question 16

What did Dmitri Mendeleev do in his version of the periodic table

Answer 16

He left gaps for undiscovered elements.
He arranged the elemts in rows and periods aswell.

Question 17

What was Rutherfords understanding of the atom?

Answer 17

Rutherford’s atomic model became known as the nuclear model. In the nuclear atom, the protons and neutrons, which comprise nearly all of the mass of the atom, are located in the nucleus at the center of the atom. The electrons are distributed around the nucleus and occupy most of the volume of the atom.