Periodic table,electron structure and configuration Flashcards

1
Q

Electronic structure feature Link to the periodic table

A

Number of shells = Period number
Number of electrons in outermost shell =Group number
Numbers added together =Atomic number

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2
Q

In the modern periodic table:

A

elements are arranged in rows, called
periods
, in order of increasing
atomic number
elements with similar properties are placed in vertical columns, called
groups

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3
Q

Why is it called the periodic table?

A

The table is called the periodic table because elements with similar properties occur at regular intervals.

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4
Q

how many occupy the first second and third shells?

A

First shell:2
Second shell:8
Third shell:8

If there is more shells onwards the max electrons you can have in that shell is 8 if it is a full outer shell.

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5
Q

Properties of a metal

A

Good conductor of electricity
Good conductor of heat
shiny
high density
malleable
ductile

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6
Q

Properties of a non-metal

A

Poor conductor of electricity
Poor conductor of heat
Dull
Low density
Brittle

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7
Q

Elements in group 1 and group 2 are?

A

Metals

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8
Q

What is the correlation between group number and the number of electrons in the outer shell?

A

The group number and the number of electrons in the outer shell are the same.

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9
Q

Elements in groups 6, 7 are?

A

Non-metals

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10
Q

What do atoms with metal elements do to form positive ions?

A

Atoms of metal elements give away electrons in their reactions to form positive ions. The ions formed have a full outer electron shell, so are very stable.

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11
Q

What do atoms with non-metal elements do?

A

Atoms of non-metal elements gain electrons in some of their reactions to form negative ions. The ions formed have a full outer electron shell, so are very stable.

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12
Q

Chemical properties

A

Chemical changes happen when chemical reactions occur. They involve the formation of new chemical elements or compounds.

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13
Q

Physical properties

A

In a physical change, a substance simply changes physical state. For example, from a solid to a liquid.

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14
Q

How are elements in the periodic table ordered

A

Elements in the periodic table are in order of increasing atomic number.

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15
Q

What was John Dalton atomic theory?

A

(1) Elements consist of indivisible small particles (atoms).
(2) All atoms of the same element are identical; different elements have different types of atom.
(3) Atoms can neither be created nor destroyed.

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16
Q

What did Dmitri Mendeleev do in his version of the periodic table

A

He left gaps for undiscovered elements.
He arranged the elemts in rows and periods aswell.

17
Q

What was Rutherfords understanding of the atom?

A

Rutherford’s atomic model became known as the nuclear model. In the nuclear atom, the protons and neutrons, which comprise nearly all of the mass of the atom, are located in the nucleus at the center of the atom. The electrons are distributed around the nucleus and occupy most of the volume of the atom.