Ions,Atoms, and Isotopes Flashcards
Atom
An atom is one of the basic units of matter.Everything around us is made up of atoms.
What are the subatomic particles?
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Where are protons and neutrons located?
Protons and neutrons exist in a dense core at the centre of the atom.This is called the nucleus and it is positively charged.
Charges of subatomic particles?
Protons(+1)
Neutrons(0)
Electrons(-1)
Where are electrons located?
The electrons are spread out around the edge of the atom.They orbit the nucleus in layers called shells.
Relative mass of subatomic particles?
Proton(1)
Neutron(1)
Electron(1/1840)
Mass number and atomic number
4
He
2
4 is the mass number
2 is the atomic number
What is the mass number?
the total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus.
What is the atomic number?
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
What value is equivalent to proton value?
The amount of electrons.
Describe three differences between the nuclear model of the atom and the plum pudding model.
1Alpha particles scattering experiment
2 The positive charge in the Nucleus
3 The electrons and nucleus are seperate
How does the alpha particle scattering experiment lead to a change in the model of the atom from the plum pudding model?
Most alpha particles went through the gold foil and hit the lithium detector.The mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus,centre of most of the atom is empty space.Some were deflected which meant the nucleus was positively charged.
What is an isotope?
Each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei
What is an ion?
an ion is an electrically charged particle produced by either removing electrons from a neutral atom to give a positive ion or adding electrons to a neutral atom to give a negative ion.