Bonds Flashcards
What is a covalent bond?
A covalent bond consists of the mutual sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between two atoms.
What is a ionic bond?
The ionic bond is the electrostatic force of attraction between a positively charged metal ion and a negatively charged non-metal ion.
What is a metallic bond?
Metallic bonding is the electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and a sea delocalised electrons.
When are ionic substances good conductors of electricity.
Ionic substances have poor conductors when solid but conduct well when molten or in solution.
Diatomic molecules?
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Fluorine
Oxygen
Iodine
Chlorine
Bromine
Are covalent molecules good conductors of electricity?
Covalent networks are poor conductors whether solid, molten or in solution.
Why cant ionic compounds conduct electricity when solid?
Ionic compounds cannot conduct electricity when solid, as their ions are held in fixed positions and cannot move.
Why cant covalent compounds conduct electricity when solid?
Covalent molecular structures do not conduct electricity because the molecules are neutral and there are no charged particles (no ions or electrons) to move and carry charge.
How do metallic compounds conduct electricity.
In a metallic bond, the valence electrons are free to move throughout the metal lattice, creating a “sea” of electrons that are shared among all the metal atoms. This delocalization of electrons allows metals to conduct electricity.
How are chemical bonds formed?
Elements react with each other in order to complete their outer electron shells. In doing so they form a chemical bond.
What is a chemical bond?
An electrostatic force of attraction that holds atoms together.
What type of elements does covalent bonds include?
Non-metals
How do atoms complete their outer shell in covalent bonding?
By sharing the outer electrons
What are the forces molecules of gas?
INTERMOLECULAR FORCES( (These are weak forces and requires very little energy to break)
How are intermolecular forces broken?
When a substance boils or melts we are breaking these intermolecular forces.
