Formation of ions / Ionic bonding / Ionic compounds Flashcards
How do metals complete their outer shells?
They lose electrons from their outer shell.
What is the difference between CATIONS and ANIONS?
Positive ions are CATIONS and ANIONS are negative ions.
What type of elements are involved in ionic bonding?
Happens between metal + non metals
Why are ions stable?
They have a complete outer electron shell
What is reduction?
The gaining of electrons and the loss of oxygen
What is oxidation?
The loss of electrons and gain of oxygen
How are the group number and the amount of electrons in the outer shell correlate?
Group 1 has one electron in the outer shell
Group 2 has two electrons in the outer shell
What is an ionic bond?
An ionic bond is a force of attraction between oppositely charged ions.
Why do ionic compounds have a high melting point?
The ionic bonds require lots of energy to break. So ionic compounds have a high melting point.
Why cant ionic compounds conduct electricity when in solid form?
Ionic compounds are NON ELECTRICAL conductors when in a solid state because the ions are fixed in the lattice and cant move and carry electrical charge.
What form can they conduct electrical charge and why?
When molten dissolves in water the ions are free to move and carry electrical charge.
What are the charges on all group ions?
Group 1 = 1+
Group 2 = 2+
Group 3 = 3+
Group 4 = doesn’t form ions
Group 5 = 1-
Group 6 = 2-
Group 7 = 3-
Group 0 = never form ions in compounds.
What is the type of structure ionic compounds have?
Giant lattice.
Why do ionic compounds have the structure they have?
The strong forces holding the particles together act in all directions which results in the particles bonding together to form a giant lattice shape.
How does a sodium atom change into a sodium ion?
A sodium atom changes to become a sodium ion when sodium loses 1 electron to gain stability. Therefore making it a cation. When it loses an electron it becomes positive.
