Period 4 Study Guide Flashcards
Election of 1800
Jefferson wins against Burr, first peaceful transfer of power between parties
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
John Marshall
Marbury v. Madison
The supreme court gave itself the power of judicial review, which allowed it to uphold or invalidate federal laws
Democratic Republican v. Federalists beliefs on the consitiution
Democratic Republicans: strict
Federalists: loose
Louisiana Purchase
Jefferson purchased a lot of land from Napoleon, confirmed the president’s power of purchase land from another country
North and West vs. South
North and West favored tariffs, banking, and internal improvements while the South did not
War of 1812
Between Britain and America because Britain kept attacking their ships and America wanted Canada. Ended with the Treaty of Ghent and no one won, but it raised nationalism
Era of Good Feelings
After the war of 1812, there was less political tension because the Federalist party declined and people were happy about “winning” the war
Missouri Compromise
Admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, declared slavery illegal in the remaining Louisiana Purchase lands north of the 3630 parallel
Henry Clay
War Hawk. Speaker of the House and Secretary of State. Drew up the Missouri Compromise and Compromise of 1850
Biggest losers of the War of 1812
Indians
Battle of New Orleans
Last battle fought in the War of 1812. Fought after it was over but America had an amazing victory and made Andrew Jackson a national hero.
Monroe Doctrine
1823 - President Monroe said that European powers do not belong in America (including South America)
Embargo Act
1807 - Created by Thomas Jefferson, closed U.S. ports and restricted imports from all nations
Non-Intercourse Act
1809 - Designed to replace the unpopular Embargo act and banned commerce only between Britain and France
Market Revolution
First half of the 19th century - people moved away from producing goods only for themselves and instead to sell to other people, enabled by new technology in transportation and communication
John Quincy Adams
Last President of the Era of Good Feelings, wrote the Monroe Doctrine
Martin Van Buren
Invented the Democratic Party
The Whigs
Arose in response to Jackson becoming president, opposed to “absolute monarchy”, saw Jackson as a monarchist
Indian Removal Act of 1830
Provided funds to relocate Indians from their homes in Southeast countries, 1/4 of the Indians died of the relocation on what came to be known as the “Trail of Tears”
Spoils System`
Where Jackson would reward people he favored with money from the government
Vetoing and Jackson
Jackson used the veto power more than any other president, turning it into a powerful tool
Panic of 1837
After giving more power to smaller banks, they started printing more and more money, which led to inflation where profits, prices, and wages went down, westward expansion was stalled and unemployment went up
Fredrick Douglass
Escaped slave turned abolitionist, published his own newspaper wrote two books
John Tyler
Became president because of the death of another president. No one liked him but he did annex Texas
Mexican-American War
America went to war with Mexico to get California
Compromise of 1850
To deal with the issue that California must be a state, gave the south the fugitive slave law, that requires Northern law enforcement to capture fugitive slaves and return them to the South
