Period 3 Vocabulary (Set #3) Flashcards
Conference held by delegates from Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, and Pennsylvania at Washington’s home at Mt. Vernon in 1785. The delegates agreed that problems with the Articles of Confederation were serious enough to meet again in Annapolis, where all the colonies could be represented.
Mt. Vernon Conference
A convention held in September 1786 to consider problems of trade and navigation, attended by five states and important because it issued the call to Congress and the states for what became the Constitutional Convention.
Annapolis Convention
The meeting of state delegates in 1787 in Philadelphia called to revise the Articles of Confederation. It instead designed a new plan of government, the US Constitution.
Constitutional Convention
The fourth President of the United States (1809-1817). A member of the Continental Congress (1780-1783) and the Constitutional Convention (1787), he strongly supported ratification of the Constitution and was a contributor to The Federalist Papers (1787-1788), which argued the effectiveness of the proposed constitution. His presidency was marked by the War of 1812.
James Madison
First Secretary of the Treasury. He advocated creation of a national bank, assumption of state debts by the federal government, and a tariff system to pay off the national debt.
Alexander Hamilton
United States statesman who led the committee that produced the final draft of the United States Constitution (1752-1816). Authored most of the Preamble to the Constitution.
Governor Morris
Initial proposal at the Constitutional Convention made by the Virginia delegation for a strong central government with a bicameral legislature dominated by the big states.
Virginia Plan
Opposite of the Virginia Plan, it proposed a single-chamber congress in which each state had one vote. This created a conflict with representation between bigger states, who wanted control befitting their population, and smaller states, who didn’t want to be bullied by larger states.
New Jersey Plan
stated that there should be two houses in Congress: the Senate and the House of Representatives; created our current congressional composition of 2 houses and ended a major disagreement stemming from sizes of geography and population
Connecticut Plan; Great Compromise
The agreement by which the number of each state’s representatives in Congress would be based on a count of all the free people plus three-fifths of the slaves
3/5’s Compromise
delegates assign to each state a number of electors equal to the total of that state’s representatives and senators; instituted because the delegates at Philadelphia feared that too much democracy might lead to mob rule
Electoral College
Supporters of the Constitution that were led by Alexander Hamilton and John Adams. They firmly believed the national government should be strong. They didn’t want the Bill of Rights because they felt citizens’ rights were already well protected by the Constitution.
Federalists
opposed a strong central government, skeptical about undemocratic tendencies in the Constitution, insisted on the Bill of Rights. They were also known as the Democratic-Republican party.
Anti-Federalists
A group of essays written for a New York newspaper by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay. They were a key element in the Federalist campaign and persuaded both advocates and dissenters to the Constitution to ratify it. Explained the importance of a strong central government. It was published to convince New York to ratify the Constitution.
The Federalist Papers (Publius)
A formal statement of the fundamental rights of the people of the United States, incorporated in the Constitution as Amendments 1-10, and in all state constitutions.
Bill of Rights
First Secretary of War. He managed Native American relations, passed the bill that made it possible for only the federal government to control native lands, rather than the states.
Henry Knox
A 1789 law that created the structure of the Supreme Court and set up a system of district courts and circuit courts for the nation
Judiciary Act of 1789
The highest court in the federal government; part of the Judicial Branch; final interpreter of the U.S. Constitution.
Supreme Court
a bank chartered by the US congress on feb. 25, 1791. the charter was for 20 years. The bank was created to handle the financial needs and requirements of the central government of the newly formed us, which had previously been 13 individual colonies with their own banks, currencies, and financial institutions and policies.
National bank
Washington’s declaration that the U.S. would not take sides after the French Revolution touched off a war between France and a coalition consisting primarily of England, Austria and Prussia. Washington’s Proclamation was technically a violation of the Franco-American Treaty of 1778.
Proclamation of Neutrality
French diplomat who in 1793 tried to draw the United States into the war between France and England (1763-1834)
“Citizen” Edmund Genet
Was made up by John Jay. It said that Britain was to pay for Americans ships that were seized in 1793. It said that Americans had to pay British merchants debts owed from before the revolution and Britain had agreed to remove their troops from the Ohio Valley
Jay Treaty
An agreement between the united states and Spain that changed Florida’s border and made it easier for american ships to use the port of New Orleans
Pinckney Treaty
Granted by Spain to America so that Americans could transfer cargo in New Orleans without paying duties to the Spanish government
Right of deposit
