Period 3 Vocabulary (Set #1) Flashcards
The North American conflict in a larger imperial war between the French and Indian allies against the British and their Indian allies between 1754 and 1763. The British gained a huge influence in North America while also effectively eliminating the French from that zone of influence.
French and Indian War
Plan proposed by Benjamin Franklin in 1754 that aimed to unite the 13 colonies for trade, military, and other purposes; the plan was turned down by the colonies and the Crown
Albany Plan of Union
A peace treaty negotiated between European powers in 1763 after British victories such as the Seven Years’ War and conquering Canada.
Peace of Paris
The unofficial British policy where Parliamentary rules and law were loosely or not enforced on the American colonies and trade
Salutary Neglect
the dominant political party in the British Parliament at the time
Whigs
a 1763 conflict between Native Americans and the British over settlement of Indian lands in the Great Lakes area
Pontiac’s Rebellion
law created by British officials that prohibited colonists from settling in areas west of the Appalachian Mountains
Proclamation of 1763
Placed duties on foreign sugar and certain luxuries. Main purpose was to raise money for the crown.
Sugar Act
legislation that required colonists to feed & shelter British troops; disobeyed in New York & elsewhere
Quartering Act
A tax that the British Parliament placed on newspapers and official documents sold in the American Colonies
Stamp Act
A young Virginia lawyer that spoke for many when he stood up
in the House of Burgesses to demand that the king’s government recognize the
rights of all citizens—including the right not to be taxed without representation
Patrick Henry
A meeting of delegations from many of the colonies, the congress was formed to protest the newly passed Stamp Act It adopted a declaration of rights as well as sent letters of complaints to the king and parliament, and it showed signs of colonial unity and organized resistance.
Stamp Act Congress
A secret society formed by Samuel Adams to protest new taxes passed by Parliament. It led the Boston Tea Party and threatened tax collectors; also firm supporters of independence.
Sons and Daughters of Liberty
In 1766, the English Parliament repealed the Stamp Act and at the same time signed this Act. This document stated that Parliament had the right “to bind” the colonies “in all cases whatsoever.”
Declaration/declaratory Act
Tax on glass, tea, and paper; provided for search of private homes for smuggled goods; to pay crown officials in the colonies; suspended new York’s assembly for that colony’s defiance of the Quartering Act.
Townshend Acts
A general license to search anywhere that was used rather than a judge’s
warrant to search a specific property for searches of smuggled goods after the implication of the Townshend Acts.
Writs of Assistance
A paper written by John Dickinson that argued that Parliament could regulate colonial commerce, but if it wanted to tax colonists, it had to have the approval of assemblies that included colonial representatives. (1767-1768)
Letters From a Farmer in Pennsylvania
Massachusetts Revolutionary leader and propagandist who organized opposition to British policies after 1764; radical member and creator of Sons of Liberty, worried that violence of group would discredit it; proposed united plea for repeal of Townshend Duties and another pan-colonial congress; circulated his own exaggerated version of events around colonies. One of the two authors of the “Massachusetts Circular Letter”.
Samuel Adams
Prominent American lawyer and political activist during the pre-Revolutionary period in the American colonies. He is best known for his vehement opposition to British policies, particularly the Writs of Assistance and the Stamp Act. One of the two authors of the “Massachusetts Circular Letter”.
James Otis
A letter written by James Otis and Samuel Adams that urged the colonies to petition Parliament to repeal the Townshend Acts.
Massachusetts Circular Letter
The new prime minister that urged the repeal of the Townshend acts because they
damaged trade and generated a disappointingly small amount of revenue.
Lord Fredrick North
The first bloodshed of the American Revolution, as British guards at the Boston Customs House opened fire on a crowd killing five Americans
Boston Massacre
Samuel Adams started the first committee in Boston in 1772 to spread propaganda and secret information by way of letters. They were used to sustain opposition to British policy. The committees were extremely effective and a few years later almost every colony had one.
Committees of Correspondence
An incident that was frequently discussed in the letters of the Committees of Correspondence where a British customs ship had caught several smugglers.
Gaspee Incident
