Perineum Flashcards
pelvis
- inferior to the abdomen
- transitional area between trunk and lower limbs
perineum
- area of trunk between thighs
and buttocks - extends from the pubis to the
coccyx - separated from the pelvic
cavity by the fascia covering
the inferior aspect of the pelvic
diaphragm
perineum boundaries
- pubis symphysis anteriorly
- ischial tuberosities
- sacrum and coccyx posteriorly
perineal triangles
transverse line joining ischial tuberosities
anal triangle
posterior to line of perineum
urogenital (UG) triangle
anterior to perineum line
~ closed by the perineal membrane
perineal body
- fibromuscular mass between anal canal and perineal membrane
site of convergence for:
- bulbospongiosus
- external anal sphincter
- superficial transverse perineal muscle
glands of perineum
- greater vestibular glands (female)
- bulbourethral glands (male)
muscles of perineum
- bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus (male and female)
- external anal and urethral sphincters
- deep and superficial transverse perineal muscles
erectile tissues of perineum
corpus spongiosum and corpora cavernosa
contents of the perineum
- glands
- muscles
- erectile tissues
- nerves and vessels
- fascia
- urethra, anus, vaginal orifice, penis
superficial and deep transverse perineal muscles
support perineal body
bulbospongiosus muscles
- surround the bulb of the penis or clitoris and compresses these
in the male:
- aid in emptying the spongy urethra of residual urine and/or semen.
- compress the deep dorsal vein of the penis (aid in erection)
in the female:
- aids in emptying the greater vestibular glands
ischciocavernosus
- surround the crura in the root of the penis or clitoris
- maintains erection of both organs
external anal sphincter
constricts anal canal during peristalsis, resisting defecation
