Axilla and Brachial Plexus UE2

Question 1

proximal end of humerus

Answer 1

• head and anatomical neck
• surgical neck and greater and lesser tubercles
  ~ fractures are common here

Question 2

shaft of the humerus

Answer 2

• deltoid tuberosity
• radial groove

Question 3

distal aspect of the humerus

Answer 3

• medial and lateral epicondyles
• capitulum
• trochlea
• coronoid fossa
• olecranon

Question 4

axilla

Answer 4

the axilla is the pyramidal space inferior to the glenohumeral joint

Question 5

axilla boundaries

Answer 5

• apex
• base
• anterior wall
• lateral wall
• medial wall
• posterior wall

Question 6

contents of the axilla

Answer 6

-axillary artery and its branches
- axillary vein and tributaries
- axillary lymph nodes
- brachial plexus

Question 7

lymphatics of the UE

Answer 7

• 5 sets of lymph nodes:
  ~ humeral
  ~ central
  ~ apical
  ~ subscapular
  ~ pectoral
• most lymph drains into the
  humeral and central nodes

Question 8

brachial plexus overview

Answer 8

• nerve network supplying the upper limb
• union of the ventral rami of C5-C8 and T1 nerve roots

Question 9

posterior cord: upper scapular nerve innervates?

Question 10

posterior cord: lower scapular nerve innervates?

Question 11

posterior cord: thoracodorsal nerve innervates?

Question 12

medial cord: medial cutaneous nerve of the arm

Answer 12

sensory to medial forearm

Question 13

medial cord: cutaneous nerve of the forearm

Answer 13

sensory to medial forearm

Question 14

medial cord: medical pectoral nerve innervates?

Question 15

lateral cord: lateral pectoral nerve innervates?

Question 16

axillary artery

Answer 16

divided into 3 parts by the pectoralis minor

Question 17

axillary artery - 1st part

Answer 17

-located between the lateral border of the 1st rib
and the medial border of the pectoralis minor

• 1 branch-superior thoracic a.
• supplies the first and second intercostal spaces

Question 18

axillary artery - 2nd part

Answer 18

• Lies posterior to the pec minor Thoracic

2 branches artery:
~ thoracoacromial trunk
~ lateral thoracic artery

Question 19

thoracoacromial trunk

Answer 19

• supplies shoulder and pectoral muscles

Question 20

lateral thoracic artery

Answer 20

supplies the serratus anterior

Question 21

axillary artery - 3rd part

Answer 21

• lateral border of pec minor to the inferior border of teres major

3 branches:
~ subscapular artery
~ anterior humeral circumflex
~ posterior humeral circumflex

Question 22

subscapular artery

Answer 22

• circumflex scapular-participates in anastomosis around shoulder
• thoracodorsal-supplies latissimus dorsi

Question 23

anterior humeral circumflex

Answer 23

anastomoses with posterior humeral circumflex

Question 24

posterior humeral circumflex

Answer 24

• supplies deltoid, teres major and minor and long head of the triceps
• what nerve does it travel with in the quadrangular space?

Question 25

muscles and corresponding nerves: musculocutaneous

Answer 25

• biceps
• brachialis
• coracobrachialis

Question 26

muscles and corresponding nerves: median

Answer 26

– most of flexor compartment in
forearm
~ exceptions with ulnar nerve

– Most thenar muscles
~ 1st and 2nd lumbricals

Question 27

muscles and corresponding nerves:

Question 28

muscles and corresponding nerves:

Question 29

muscles and corresponding nerves: axillary

Answer 29

deltoid and teres minor

Question 30

muscles and corresponding nerves: radial

Answer 30

• triceps/ anconeus
• extensor compartment in forearm

Question 31

muscles and corresponding nerves: ulnar

Answer 31

– flexor carpi ulnaris
– medial part of flexor digitorum profundus
- hypothenar muscles
- dorsal and palmar interossei
– 3 and 4 lumbricals
- Adductor pollicis