Perfusion 1 Flashcards
True or False: Hypertension is the most common form of cardiovascular disease
True
How does the body sense low BP?
Baroreceptors found in the carotid sinus, kidneys, hypothalamus, and atrial stretch.
What does a low BP cause the body to do?
the Vasomotor center will stimulate the NS to release NE which will cause vasoconstriction. the Adrenal medulla will release N and NE when stimulated. Bronchial vasodilation occurs so we can bring in bigger breaths. Adrenal cortex releases aldosterone- kindeys secrete renin and retain sodium (renin-angiotensin cycle) which causes vasoconstictrion.
Why is dehydration a problem in terms of blood thickness?
Thick blood causes the blood to move slower (decreased perfusion and nutrient delivery) also at risk for for clotting and organ failure.
Calculation for CO
Stroke volume x heart rate
Effect of Pain on BP and HR
BP will be elevated, HR increases. At a certain point he body won’t be able to regulate.
Why do diuretics decrease blood volume?
Water into kidneys increases (takes water out of the blood and decreases blood volume)
Definition of Hypertension by Vital sign numbers
A SBP of more than 140. For Diabetes pts its 130
Systemic Hypertension
A sudden change of more than 20mmHg
Gestational HTN
caused by cytokine release
at risk for DIC and thrombocytopenia. Treat w sodium restric. and antihypertensives. (Labetalol)
Orthostatic Hypotension
drop of 20mmHg or more SBP or 10DBP.
Body often compensates once baroreceptors intervene.
those at risk are: elderly, dehydrated pts and antihypertensive pts.
Why do we treat Hypertension slowly with meds?
If we knock the BP down too fast the pt will pass out or feel N&V. we stimulate the bodys response to increase the BP
MAP calculation
(systolic + 2xDiastolic)/3
Normal ICP
12-15
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure Calc.
MAP - ICP
