Performance enhancement-psychological

Question 1

What is sports psychology?

Answer 1

Studying peoples behaviour while they are playing sport and using this knowledge to improve their performance

Question 2

Explain Psychological skills training and list the three parts?

Answer 2

Skills that can be learnt to improve your psychological state, obtained through psychological skills training

1. Education= gaining info on the skills used and their benefits
2. Acquisition= Teaching the skills to an athlete
3. Practise = athletes using the techniques in training and games

Question 3

What are the two types of factors that can cause motivation? Provide an example for each

Answer 3

Extrinsic and intrinsic motivaction
Extrinsic motivation is obtained from external factors such as receiving prizes and awards
Intrinsic motivation is obtained from internal factors such as self satisfaction.

Question 4

How can you develop motivational behaviour? Provide examples

Answer 4

Positive reinforcement
When an individuals display desirable behaviour they are rewarded
Negative reinforcement
When an individual displays undesirable behaviour they are punished

Question 5

What is goal setting?

Answer 5

An athlete establishes clear targets, priorities and expectations.

Question 6

What are the three different types of goals

Answer 6

1. Outcome goal: finishing first in a race
2. Performance goals: comparing the past to the present, e.g PB’s
3. Process goal: physical actions and game strategies, executing a defensive drill correctly

Question 7

Define arousal

Answer 7

Amount of readiness a person experiences when faced with a task

Question 8

What is the relationship between arousal and performance

Answer 8

• Opitmal arousal= optimal performance
• Under arousal= decreased performance
• Over arousal=decreased performance

Question 9

What is the relationship between arousal and confidence

Answer 9

• Opitmal arousal= optimal confidence
• Under arousal= decreased confidence
• Over arousal=decreased confidence

Question 10

How can i reduce arousal

Answer 10

• meditation
• controlled breathing
• PMR
• sleeping
• Biofeedback
• SIT

Question 11

How can I increase arousal

Answer 11

-elevate breathing
-act energetic
mental imagery
-pre-competition workout

Question 12

What is PMR? What are the benefits

Answer 12

Progressive muscle relaxation involves relaxing and tensing major muscle groups until they are all relaxed. By decreasing muscular tension, you decrease mental tension

Question 13

What is biofeedback?

Answer 13

Feedback on the automatic functions of the body such as Blood pressure and heart rate, telling an individual when they are stressed.

Question 14

What is Stress inoculation training

Answer 14

Exposing an athlete to stressful situation. Once they adapt and become immune to the stress, they are exposed to an increased level of stress. Purpose is to help them adapt to stressful situations in a game situation.

Question 15

What is mental imagery

Answer 15

Visualising yourself completing a task successfully. Only effective if the athlete is in a relaxed state and imaging themselves succeeding.The more practise, the better your visualisation

Question 16

What is simulation

Answer 16

Making the training environment similar to a game like setting, such as training in front of crowds. A more effective technique than visual imagery.

Question 17

What is visuo-motor behaviour rehearsal

Answer 17

An extension of mental imagery, it involves generating a mental image simulation with feedback from a performance

1. Optimal arousal zone to visualise
2. Visualising
3. Performing skill under game like situation

Question 18

Define concentration. What are its three components

Answer 18

An ability to selectively attend to the right information.

1. focus on relevant environmental queues
2. maintaining attention and focus for long periods of time
3. Being aware of the situation

Being able to evaluate the environment, game situation and opponents quickly. Being able to respond under pressure.

Question 19

What are the four different types of concentration

Answer 19

broad and narrow

External and internal

Question 20

What is chocking?

Answer 20

The deterioration of performance due to increased pressure or importance placed on an upcoming event or game