Fitness components Flashcards
What are skill related components
An individuals athletic ability or performance components, with skill components focusing on improving a persons physical performance in motor skills.
What are health related components
Fitness components that are directly related to good health and a reduced risk of hypokinetic disease.
What are the six health related fitness components
- Body composition
- Flexibility
- Local Muscular Endurance
- Muscular strength
- Anaerobic capacity
- Aerobic capacity
What are the six skill related components
- reaction time
- muscular power
- balance
- coordination
- agility
- speed
What is body composition? What effects it?
The ratio of fat free mass to fat mass. It also refers to an individuals body shape/physique.
It is affected by:
- Age: >40 yoa
- Gender: Males less than females
- Fibre Type: Fast twitch decreases fat
- Genetics: 90%
What is flexibility? What effects it?
The ability of a joint to move through its full range of motion
It is affected by:
Age:
Gender: females> males
Resistance: increased resistance = increased flexibility
Temperature: increased temperature =increased flexibility
What is LME? What effects it?
Local Muscular endurance is the ability of a muscle or muscle group to continue sustained contractions in the face of fatigue.
It is effected by:
Training: aerobic training= + 02 supply= +ATP= +metabolic byproduct removal
Lactic acid and metabolite tolerance: anaerobic training = + removal of metabolic byproducts
Muscle strength: + strength = +LME
Age: 25-30 years
Muscle temp: +temp = –LME
What is Muscular strength? What effects it?
Maximal force or tension exerted by a muscle of muscle group in one maximal contraction
AGE: peaks 25-30 yoa.
GENDER: males > muscle mass females =+strength
SPEED CONTRACTION: Isometric is stronger
FIBRE TYPE: fast twitch = more strength
FIBRE ARRANGEMENT: multipennate >bipennate> unipennate
What is anaerobic capacity? What effects it?
The ability to synthese ATP w/o the presence of oxygen via ATP-PC and anaerobic glycolysis system
AGE: 30 yoa
GENDER: males> muscle mass than females = muscle fuel stores
LA and Metabolite tolerance: + body tolerance to metabolic byproducts through anaerobic training
FIBRE TYPE: fast twitch= + anaerobic power
FIBRE RECRUITMENT: fast twitch = faster
What is aerobic capacity? What effects it?
The ability of the cardiovascular and respiratory system to tae up and supply oxygen to the working muscles of the body
It is affected by:
- VO2 max: + VO2 max= +O2 supply = + ATP synthesis
- LIP: - metabolic byproduct accumulation = - fatigue
- GENDER: M>F
- AGE: 25-28 yoa
- HEREDITARY: 90% aerobic capacity and VO2 max
What is reaction time? What effects it?
Time between signal being detected and the first movement generated in response
It is affected by:
- Optimal arousal and concentration: quick and appropriate response
- No. of responses: 1 respones = faster resp.
- Noise: distraction = – reaction time
What is Muscular Power? What effects it?
The ability to exert maximal force in one explosive effort over a short time.
It is affected by:
- Age: peaks at 25 yoa
- Gender: M= + muscles mass = + muscle power
- Speed of contraction:
- Fibre type: fast twitch> slow twitch
- Fibre recruitment
What is Balance? What effects it?
The ability to maintain equilibrium whilst stationary and also moving
It is affected by:
- BOS: + BOS = + equil
- COG: - COG = + balance
- Core stability: + core strength stability = + balance
What is coordination? What effects it?
The body’s sense to execute motor skills smoothly and accurately
It is affected by:
- Sequence of movements: + movement= + coordination
- stages of learning: autonomous = + coordination
- practise learning: + practise = + learning
What is agility? What effects it?
The ability to change position or direction quickly and maintain balance:
- COG: - COG = + agility
- Speed: M speed > females = more agile
- Reaction time: + RT = + movement speed = + agile
- Fibre type: FT for faster activities = more agile
