Chapter 1 NPAG

Question 1

What is physical activity

Answer 1

Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure

Question 2

What are the two ways to measure pa

Answer 2

Objective and subjective measurement techniques

Question 3

Define subjective measurement techniques

Answer 3

Subjective measurement techniques involve individuals recalling physical activity that they previously completed.

Question 4

What is reactivity

Answer 4

Individuals altering their behaviour because they are aware of being observed

Question 5

What is Sedentary behaviour

Answer 5

Activities that require 1-2METS to complete, generally involving sitting down for long periods of time, such as watching TV or sitting down to read.

Question 6

What are the two ways we measure pa in the community

Answer 6

Population and individual level

Question 7

Give an example of why we would measure pa at an individual level and why we would measure it at a population level

Answer 7

At a population level p.a. can identify if the NPAG are being met, physical activity trends across population groups, the effectiveness of large scale physical activity programs and the amount of physical activity necessary for good health.

We would measure p.a. at an individual level to identify the impact changes to physical activity have on an individual and the effect physical activity has upon individuals health.

Question 8

What are the four dimensions of physical activity

Answer 8

Type
Intensity
Frequency
Duration

Question 9

What is the difference between intensity and frequency

Answer 9

Frequency refers to the number of bouts of exercise completed over a given duration

Intensity is the amount of exertion that is applied to an activity

Question 10

What are the four types of subjective measurement techniques

Answer 10

==> Self Reports
==> Recall surveys
==> Diaries and Logbooks
==> Proxy reports (on behalf of another such as a child less than 5 years and elderly or disabled individuals)

Question 11

What are the three objective measurement techniques

Answer 11

==> Direct Observation
==> Pedometers
==> Accelerometers

Question 12

Why would an individual that is highly active not meet the NPAG?

Answer 12

They could have a highly sedentary lifestyle also, due to factors such as work, travel commute etc.

Question 13

List two advantages and disadvantages of diaries and logbooks

Answer 13

a) Cost effective for large groups and is quick and easy.
Low burden

d) cognitive limitations make it not suitable for the elderly and children

Question 14

List one advantages and disadvantages of self reports and proxy reports

Answer 14

a) assesses pa. across many domains

d) social desirability bias-over reporting

Question 15

List two advantages and disadvantages of direct observation

Answer 15

a) Can collect contextual info.
ie enviro conditions and cues for pa.
Computer software available making data collection easier
d) Difficult to analyse large groups because require trained observer and it is time consuming
It also observes only a specific type of pa

Question 16

List two advantages and disadvantages of accelerometers

Answer 16

a) small light weight and less of a burden than heart rate monitors
assesses intensity, frequency and duration

d) expensive
subjective compliance issues

Question 17

List two advantages and disadvantages of pedometers

Answer 17

a) inexpensive, small and lightweight
measures the most common type of pa. - walking

d) Assesses only one type of pa.
Can’t record and store data in real time