Perfect Tenses - Indicative

Question 1

hablar

Answer 1

hab -ado

hablado

Question 2

Comer

Answer 2

com - ido

comido

Question 3

Vivir

Answer 3

Viv -ido

vivido

Question 4

Abrir

Answer 4

Abierto

Question 5

Cubrir

Answer 5

cubierto

Question 6

decir

Answer 6

dicho

Question 7

describir

Answer 7

descrito

Question 8

descubrir

Answer 8

descubierto

Question 9

devolver

Answer 9

devuelto

returned, given back

Question 10

escribir

Answer 10

escrito

Question 11

hacer

Answer 11

hecho

Question 12

morir

Answer 12

muerto

Question 13

poner

Answer 13

puesto

Question 14

romper

Answer 14

roto

Question 15

ver

Answer 15

visto

Question 16

volver

Answer 16

vuelto

Question 17

The Present Perfect Tense

he hablado, I have spoken
has hablado, you have spoken
ha hablado, he/she has spoken

hemos hablado, we have spoken
habéis hablado, you have spoken
han hablado, they have spoken

Answer 17

el perfecto

el presente perfecto

pretérito perfecto

Pretérito perfecto compuesto

Question 18

Pretérito perfecto compuesto

Upspecified Time “Before Now”

The present perfect may be used to indicate an action or state as having occurred —and having been completed— prior to the present time

Answer 18

yo digo que ell lo ha hecho ~ I said that she had done it

Ya hemos visto la película ~ We have already seen the film

Question 19

Pretérito perfecto compuesto - still in progress

The present perfect is NOT used to indicate an action still in progress. To express an ongoing action which began in the past, the present tense is used:

Answer 19

Hace cuatro años que vivo aquí ~ I have lived (have been living) here for four years

Question 20

Pretérito perfecto compuesto - Just done

The present perfect is NOT used to express the idea “to have just(done something)”. Spanish typically employ the present of acabare de plus the infinitive.

Answer 20

Acabo de oír la noticia. ~ I just heard the news [item].

Acabamos de poner el televisor ~ We have just turned on the TV

Question 21

pluscauamperfecto

A past-time situation is normally indicated by the preterit and imperfect, for example by dijo .

The past perfect tense (e.g., había viajado) views an action or state as having occurred —and been completed— at a time prior to another past action, state or time (e.g., dijo).

Answer 21

Juan dijo que había viajado a México ~John said that he had traveled to Mexico.

Question 21

pluscauamperfecto - forms

• *había hablado** I had spoken
• *habías hablado** you had spoken
• *había hablado** he/she had spoken
• *habíamos hablado** we had spoken
• *habíais hablado** you had spoken
• *habían hablado** they had spoken

Question 22

pluscauamperfecto - still in progress

The past perfect is NOT used to indicate an action which began in previous past time and is still in progress in (simple) past time; **the imperfect tense is used for this purpose: **

Answer 22

Hacía cuatro años que vivíamos aquí. ~ We had lived (had been living) here for four years.

Trabajaban en el proyecto desde hacía seis horas ~ They had been working on the project for six hours.

Cuánto tiempo llevabas mirando la tele? ~ How long had you been watching TV?

Question 23

pluscaumperfecto - just done

To express the idea “to had just (done something)”, Spanish usually employs the imperfect of acabar de plus the infinitive, for example:

Answer 23

Acababa de oír la noticia ~ I had just heard the news [item]

Acabábamos de poner el televisor. We had just turned on the TV [set].

Question 24

**futuro perfecto** ## Footnote This tense views an action or state as having occurred —and been completed— at some time in the future. It is used in almost exactly the same way as we use it in English, for example:

Answer 24

Juan habrá salido para las ocho. *Juan will have left by eight o'clock.* Todos habrán terminado la composición para mañana. *Everyone will have finished their compositions by tomorrow.*

Question 25

futuro perfecto ## Footnote * *habré hablado** *I will have spoken* * *habrás hablado** *you will have spoken* * *habrá hablado** *he/she will have spoken* * *habremos hablado** *we will have spoken* * *habréis hablado** *you will have spoken* * *habrán hablado** *they will have spoken*

Question 26

futuro perfecto - present The future tense can be used to indicate conjecture in present time (that is, to replace the present tense and an equivalent of “probably”): Similarly, the future perfect tense can be used to indicate conjecture or probability in past time; specifically, it may be used to replace the preterit or present perfect tense and an equivalent of “probably”:

Answer 26

Ahora serán las tres. *Right now it is probably 3:00.* ¿Ese ruido? Habrá sido el gato.* That noise? It must have been the cat.* Marta ya habrá salido.* Martha (has) probably already left.*