perception and decision making Flashcards
Sensation, perception and attention explain each one
Sensation→ occurs when sensory receptors detect sensory stimuli
Perception → involves the organization, interpretation, and conscious experience of those sensations through the mechanism of attention
Attention→ the act of focusing on a particular object for some time while simultaneously ignoring distractions and irrelevant information
what is selctive perception?
he tendency to choose to interpret what one sees based on one’s interests, background, experience, and attitudes
what is halo effect?
the tendency to draw a positive general impression about an individual based on a single characteristic
What is horns effect?
he tendency to draw a negative general impression about an individual based on a single characteristic
Contrast effect what is it?
the evaluation of a person’s characteristics that is affected by comparisons with other people recently encountered who rank higher or lower on the same characteristics
what is the most important perception in OB?
persons perception
attribution theory
Attribution→ how individuals perceive the causes of everyday experience, as being either external or interna
Fundamental attribution error
is the tendency to attribute others’ actions to their personality rather than external circumstances. This can lead to misjudging people by ignoring the situational factors influencing their behavior.
Explain heuristics and biases?
Heuristics: Heuristics are quick mental shortcuts that simplify decision-making, aiding rapid responses in familiar situations. However, they can lead to errors when applied to complex or unfamiliar problems.
Biases: Biases are unconscious errors in judgment caused by heuristics or mental processes, leading to distorted thinking and skewed decisions. They result in predictable deviations from rationality, such as overconfidence or confirmation bias.
