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PSY 340 > Perception > Flashcards

Perception Flashcards

1
Q

Color Perception

A

Determined by the wavelength of light reflected from or emitted by an object. Wavelengths of light are physical, but the perception of color is purely psychological.

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2
Q

Spectral Colors

A

Comprised of a single wavelength (ROYGBIV)

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3
Q

Non-Spectral Colors

A

Comprised of more than one wavelength.

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4
Q

Additive Mixing

A

Combination that increases amount of light reflected (ex: computer monitor)

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5
Q

Subtractive Mixing

A

Combination that reduces amount of light reflected (ex: paint)

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6
Q

Hue

A

Variations described by names such as red, purple, blue, orange, etc.

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7
Q

Saturation

A

Apparent purity, vividness, or richness.

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8
Q

Lightness

A

Dark to light, measured in luminosity, perceived as “brightness”.

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9
Q

Color Circle

A

Isaac Newton. Describes hue and saturation. Hue (around). Saturation (in).

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10
Q

Trichromatic Theory

A

Human color vision is trichromatic. Any hue matched with combination of 3 primary colors. Proposes there are 3 types of receptors: blue, green, red.

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11
Q

Cones

A
  1. Short wavelength (blue) receptors, cyanolabe
  2. Medium wavelength (green) receptors, chlorolabe
  3. Long wavelength (red) receptors, erythrolabe
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12
Q

Color Blind

A

1 in every 12 men have some form of color-blindness.

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13
Q

Dichromatic Vision

A

Missing one photo pigment.

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14
Q

Protanopia

A

Long wavelength (red) cones don’t contain erythrolabe.

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15
Q

Deutanopia

A

Medium wavelength (green) cones don’t contain chlorolabe.

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16
Q

Opponent Process Theory

A

Color perception is controlled by two opponent systems: blue-yellow & red-green. Only one color signaled at a time.

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17
Q

Visual Acuity

A

Represents the clearness/sharpness of vision. Snellen Eye Chart.

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18
Q

Contrast Sensitivity

A

Ability of the visual system to distinguish bright and dim components of a static image. Important in night time vision. A function of both contrast and spatial frequency.

19
Q

Figure/Ground

A

Figure: front
Ground: background

20
Q

Proximity

A

Elements close together are perceived as a group.

21
Q

Similarity

A

Similar elements (in terms of color, form, or orientation) are perceived together.

22
Q

Continuity

A

Points connected in straight or smoothly curving lines are perceived together.

23
Q

Closure

A

Open curves are perceived as complete forms.

24
Q

Common Fate

A

Elements moving in the same direction at the same speed are perceived as together.

25
Q

Common Region

A

An explicit boundary for grouping.

26
Q

Connectedness

A

Explicit lines for grouping.

27
Q

Proprioception

A

Ability to feel what your muscles are doing and where your limbs are positioned.

28
Q

Accommodation

A

Automatic adjustments of the lens that maintain a focused image on the retina.

29
Q

Vergence

A

Degree to which the eyes are turned inward to maintain fixation on an object.

30
Q

Interposition (Monocular Depth Cues)

A

Nearer objects will block the view of more distant objects if they are in the same line of vision.

31
Q

Size (MDC)

A

Bigness of an object.

32
Q

Perspective (MDC)

A

Angles such as when you know something is rectangular but its appears trapezoidal.

33
Q

Binocular Disparity (BDC)

A

Each eye receives a slightly different image of the world because of the eye’s location. Depth information and 3D.

34
Q

Object Motion

A

External object is moving.

35
Q

Induced Motion

A

A stationary background causes movement to be attributed to the wrong part of a scene.

36
Q

Apparent Motion

A

Discrete jumps of retinal images can produce the appearance of smooth motion. (Flip through cards quickly).

37
Q

Sone

A

Scale for measuring loudness.

38
Q

Proximity

A

Sounds close together are perceived as together.

39
Q

Similarity

A

Similar sounds are perceived as together.

40
Q

Sound Localization

A

The ability to locate sounds in space.

41
Q

Vestibular System

A

Located in inner ear. Allows us to feel the movement of our bodies. Balance, posture.

42
Q

Somesthetic System

A

Touch, pressure,vibration, temperature, pain.

43
Q

Passive Touch

A

Skin is stationary and an external pressure stimulus is applied to it.

44
Q

Active Touch

A

Person contacts the stimulus by moving the skin (reading brail).

PSY 340 (13 decks)

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