Display of Information Flashcards
Auditory Presentation
Message is simple, short, will not be referred to later, events in time, immediate action, location too bright/dark, job requires continual motion.
Visual Presentation
Message is complex, long, will be referred to later, location in space, does not call for immediate action, location is too noisy, person remains in one position.
Static Displays
Fixed and do not change (ex: road signs).
Conspicuity
How well the display attracts attention.
Visibility
How well the display can be seen.
Legibility
The ease with which the symbols and letters present in the display can be discerned. How easy it is to distinguish individual letters and symbols. Deals with the way the text looks.
Legibility Distance
The distance at which a person can read the display.
Readability
Concerns larger groups of characters (words, sentences) in which comprehension of the material is a consideration. Deals with content/meaning.
Intelligibility
Describes how the message in the display should be unambiguous and include information about consequences if ignored.
Standardize
Make signs more efficient with same words, symbols, colors, and locations. Emphasis on important words.
Maintainability
Constructed of appropriate material for the environment.
Alphanumeric Displays
Any display that uses words, letters, or numbers to convey information. Drawback: Some letters/digits are easily confused with each other.
Overall Density
The number of characters shown over the total area of display.
Local Density
The density in the region immediately surrounding a character.
Grouping
Related to Gestalt organization principles.
Layout Complexity
Extent to which the layout is predictable.
Symbolic Displays
Used to convey information by using an image.
Coding Dimensions
Convey information through colors, sizes, flash rates, etc.
Absolute Judgment
Refers to the classification of a stimulus when several options are available.
Dynamic Displays
Change over time (ex: speedometer). Info conveyed by movement within the display.
Analog Display
Continuous scale and a pointer. 2 ways:
- Moving pointer, fixed scale (speedometer)
- Fixed pointer, moving scale (compass)
Digital Display
Present information in alphanumeric form. Digital displays only present the current value to the measure (odometer).
Display Arrangements
Important when there are many dials or signal lights.
Motion Interpretability
How well a display represents the motion of an object (ex: GPS showing car’s motion along a path).
Head-Up Displays (HUDs)
Used in airplanes and video games. Display that is superimposed over the rest of the picture.
Warning Signals
1) Advisories- general awareness of a marginal condition
2) Cautions- evokes immediate attention and requires relatively rapid response
3) Warnings- evokes immediate attention and requires an immediate response
Auditory Icons
Representational, everyday sounds with stereotypical meanings (ex: Police car siren)
Earcons
Brief, recognizable sequences of tones to provide information. (ex: Receiving text message)
Dichotic Displays
When each ear receives different auditory information.
Speech Displays
Used to transmit slightly more complicated information.
Tactile Displays
Refers to any displays where information is conveyed by sense of touch.
Haptic Displays
Displays that apply force, vibration, or motion to the user.
