Peptic ulcer Flashcards

1
Q

what is melaena?

A

dark black, tarry faeces

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2
Q

what is melaena a feature of?

A

Upper GI bleed

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3
Q

why is the blood black by the time it gets excreted in melaena?

A

gets altered by digestive enzymes and intestinal bacteria

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4
Q

What is peptic ulcer?

A

it is a sore in the innner layer of the stomach/ duodenum, which arises when the mucosal protective barrier is destroyed

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5
Q

what does a peptic ulcer cause?

A

increased production of acid

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6
Q

aetiology?

A
  • H.Pylori
  • NSAIDs
  • smoking / alcohol
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7
Q

Symptoms?

A
  • epigastric pain
  • nausea & vomiting
  • weight loss/anorexia
  • if it bleeds –> haematemesis/ melaena/ anaemia
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8
Q

Tests?

A
  • endoscopy

H.Pylori tests:

  • serology –> raised IgG
  • urea breath test
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9
Q

Treatment?

A
  • pharmacological

H. Pylori eradication therapy

  • surgical

vagotomy/ partial gastrectomy

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10
Q

what is H.Pylori eradication therapy?

A

CAP

  • Clarithromycin
  • Amoxycillin
  • PPI

triple therapy for 7 days

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11
Q

what are complications that may arise?

A
  • acute bleeding –> haematemesis, melaena
  • chronic bleeding –> iron deficiency anaemia
  • perforation
  • fibrotic stricture
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