people

Question 1

david cyranowski 2014

Answer 1

fraud and wook suk hwang 2004;

• fraud not that serious
• he continued to work

Question 2

shiela jassanoff

Answer 2

the fifth branch + technologies of humility
- expert beahviour in public; fear of experts
- facts cant be seperated from values
- uncertainty always there hence open discussion needed
fraud/misconduct damages scientific credibility
- today is the age where science has to be justified to the public

Question 3

regazzi 2004

Answer 3

publications are for global reserach community; hence quality is improved by peer review

Question 4

john zimman

Answer 4

• post academic science (uni/industry and government)
  PLACE norms: properiety, local, authoiry, commisssion, expert
• science is individual and ethos not ethics
  norms are internalized
  scientific WORTH determined by PUBLIC reaction and recogition
  norms are dynamic and applicalb ein different situations/different people

Question 5

shapin

Answer 5

productiona nd communication of knolwedge are intertwined

manhattan project; oppenheimer and public moralists

Question 6

bethe

Answer 6

public moralsit that went back to work on nuclear reserach as responsbility

Question 7

picarra 2016

Answer 7

public reserach is public knowledge as publicly funded; hence SHARED software

science CULTURE changes

Question 8

jerome ravetz 2016

Answer 8

uncertainity unkown; hence important to discuss in public intercourse
- murphys law= its a way of knowing

Question 9

donald rumsfeld

Answer 9

iraq secretary of defense; ‘unknown unknowns’

Question 10

stirling 2007

Answer 10

risk= probability ofo an event x magnitude of an event

ambiguity and uncertainity and ignorance

Question 11

slovic 1987

Answer 11

perception of RISK; nuclear power study and misprection

Question 12

gigerenzer

Answer 12

9/11 increased unintend consequences

Question 13

gillinsky 2017

Answer 13

2017; unlikely events/consequeunces such as Japan 20011 nuclear meltdown

Question 14

alvin weinberg

Answer 14

bs is ruining big science
big science; is very visual
nuclear power plants are uncertainity as risk asseasments are based on experience

Question 15

ulrich bech 1992

Answer 15

risk society
risks as a way of dealing with modernism; source of risk in society always changes
source of risk changes

Question 16

londa schiebinger

Answer 16

participation/culture and results of science
gendered science affects output of resources
different feminism is unhelpful
contradictions of englightenment ojbective view
bio vs pjysics
policies at fixing women not fixing science

Question 17

micheal hulme

Answer 17

climate change controversies challenge conceptions and beliefs
a third of the public doesnt trust climate scientists to tell truth
scientists must demonstrate norms to public
trends vs policy vs impact vs attribution sceptivism
science is a cultural instition that evolves to survive
norms are a dynamic rhetoric
science works by value adjustments/behavioural changes

Question 18

naomi klein

Answer 18

stealth advocay makes climate science bad

parents ask kids to fix stuff

Question 19

daniel sarewitz

Answer 19

= more uncetainity by more knowledge in climate science
- 1960s policies on enviornment where visible and clear
politics about comprosies
have more facts fuels both sids
climategate just showed the naked, myth of pure science

Question 20

humes guillotine 1739

Answer 20

values vs facts

knowing something doesnt give you the right to do something

Question 21

roger pielke

Answer 21

honest broker (in situation of high uncertainity with severa; options)

abortion vs tornado politics

value and ethics are different things

Question 22

gibbons 1994

Answer 22

mode one and mode two science
coodepence of public and science
science for public good vs inherent value

Question 23

robert merton 1974

Answer 23

cudos/functionalism
science constist of professionalization, method and socialization
reward systems
quantity over qualtiy of publications
moral structures and communication systems

Question 24

iam mitroff 1973

Answer 24

apollo moon scientists and norms as personal and human and as in balance with counter norms

Question 25

durkheim

Answer 25

deviance as a strength of norms and reaction

Question 26

grundmann 2012

Answer 26

no bad practice in climate gate

mertons norms irrelevant

Question 27

mulkay

Answer 27

norms dont govern science

are vocab of justification to defend scientific authoiry

Question 28

panofsky 2000

Answer 28

norms mutually reinforcing
ethos/autonomy changes over tim e
aryan scientists vs democratic societies
behaviour genetics is a deviant/clubbish field
issues of ownership in medical genetics and patents
local and global science not unified

norms arent equal and applicalbe in idfferent situations

Question 29

thomas kuhn

Answer 29

science goverend by paradigms

Question 30

capshew-radar

Answer 30

bs as manpower, machine, media, money, military

politilca/intellctual goals and pop culture of science (HG wells)
science is expensive

Question 31

david kaiser

Answer 31

scientfiic journal exponential growth since 17th century

Question 32

dereck de solla price 1962

Answer 32

90% of worlds scientists alive today

bs as man power

Question 33

vannevar bush

Answer 33

1945; endless frontier; autonomy and haldane principlek

Question 34

kleinmann 2006

Answer 34

women in tech make different things

Question 35

larry summers

Answer 35

blames lack of women/underprerestantion on long office hours, aptitute and discrimimination (2005)

Question 36

mead and mertraux

Answer 36

1937; HS students perception of a scientsit

Question 37

ana redmond

Answer 37

coding congress; left due to hostile and unwelcoming environment

Question 38

ortwinn renn

Answer 38

risk assement is reasurrance for society/social

Question 39

carmen mcloed

Answer 39

animal research policies in open science

o UK Concordat on Openness on Animal Research
 2012
 Organisations and institutions signd it to commit to be clear when/how/why animals are used in research, enhance communications to media/public, be proactive about findings and report on them

Question 40

leon leonelli

Answer 40

o Researchers ‘resist imperative to share’ as see research as valuable and don’t want to comprise its, and their career’s future (leon lenolli interviews)