Penology And Punishment Flashcards
Why do we punish people?
To stop crime.
What is punishment?
The direct infliction of pain onto another person.
How is a reduction in crime achieved? (2)
Individual and general deterrence.
What is specific deterrence?
An action that targets an individual to stop them offending. (A provision sentence)
What is general deterrence?
A deterrence that aims to stop people offending as a whole. (The idea of prison)
Define incapacitation.
Locking someone up because they’re an ongoing risk.
Does Australia have infinite sentencing?
Yes, but it is rarely used.
What does retribution focus on?
Past acts.
What is unintended harm?
The harm caused by an action that was unforeseen. For example: sentencing a mother to imprisonments effects her children.
What does treating everyone equally imply?
Equality.
What is cardinal proportionality?
Ranks a crime based on its severity.
What are 5 justifications for punishment?
Discourage offending, protection from those who are dangerous, to make amends, reinforce social values and they deserve it.
What are Weber’s three types of authority?
Charismatic, legal and traditional.
