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2a Genitourinary > Penile Cancer > Flashcards

Penile Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What % of male cancer is penile cancer?

A

1%

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2
Q

What are risk factors for penile cancer?

A

Age
Premalignant lesion
Phimosis (foreskin of penis cannot be pulled back)
Asia, Africa and South America
HPV
Smoking
Immunocompromise
PUVA therapy (psoralen and UV light for psoriasis)

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3
Q

95% of penile cancer are…

A

squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)

[3% are Kaposi sarcoma]

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4
Q

What does PeIN stand for?

A

Penile Intraepithelial Neoplasia

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5
Q

What is the Grading for penile cancer?

A

G1-3
(3 is worst, 1 is best)

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6
Q

What is the Ta stage?

A

Epithelium

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7
Q

What is the T1 stage?

A

Lamina propria

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8
Q

What is the T2 stage?

A

Spongiosum

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9
Q

What is the T3 stage?

A

Cavernosum

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10
Q

What is the T4 stage?

A

Scrotum, prostate or bone

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11
Q

What staging is the most important prognostic factor in penile cancer?

A

N staging

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12
Q

What does N0 mean?

A

No nodes, over 90% chance 5 year survival

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13
Q

What does N1 mean?

A

Up to 2 unilateral inguinal nodes
85% 5 year survival

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14
Q

What does N2 mean?

A

3+ unilateral/ bilateral nodes
70% 5 year survival

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15
Q

What does N3 mean?

A

Extra nodal extension / pelvic nodes
15% 5 year survival

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16
Q

What does M1 mean?

A

Distant metastasis
0% 5 year survival

17
Q

How does penile cancer present?

A

Hard painless lump
Red patch under foreskin
On glans or prepuce
Bloody discharge

Can be advanced.

18
Q

How to diagnose penile cancer

A

General appearance and fitness
Examine
Abdomen
Lymph nodes in groins
Penis, lesion itself
DRE - prostate cancer also causes lymphadenopathy
Biopsy
USS
Chest and Pelvis CT to check for metastases

If clinically node negative:
Radioactive tracer given then gamma camera
Groin dissection

19
Q

How to treat superficial penile SCC

A

Circumcision may be therapeutic
Glans resurfacing and biopsy
Eludix cream (makes skin fall off, not nice)

20
Q

How to treat invasive penile SCC

A

Partial penectomy

2a Genitourinary (28 decks)

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