Penicillins

Question 1

Penecillin V
(Inhibit Cell Wall Synthesis - bactericidal)
(Narrow Spectrum)
(Strept)

Answer 1

B-lactam (blocks activity of penicillin binding protein, inhibiting D-ala formation within the cell wall)
Admin: Oral
Poor penetration, but can access CNS, joints, eyes
Renal Excretion
Targets Gram + only

Question 2

Penecillin G
(Inhibit Cell Wall Synthesis - bactericidal)
(Narrow Spectrum)
(Strept, Enterococci, C perfringens)

Answer 2

B-lactam (blocks activity of penicillin binding protein, inhibiting D-ala formation within the cell wall)
Admin: Parenteral
Poor penetration, but can access CNS, joints, eyes
Renal Excretion
Targets Gram + only

Question 3

Dicloxacillin
(Inhibit Cell Wall Synthesis - bactericidal)
(Penicillinase-resistant)
(Strept, MSSA)

Answer 3

B-lactam (blocks activity of penicillin binding protein, inhibiting D-ala formation within the cell wall)
Admin: Parenteral, Oral
Poor penetration, but can access CNS, joints, eyes
Renal & Hepatic Excretion
Targets Gram + only

Question 4

Amoxicillin (+/- Clavulanate)
(Inhibit Cell Wall Synthesis - bactericidal)
(Extended Spectrum)
(Strept, MSSA (w/clav), Enterococci, E. coli)

Answer 4

B-lactam (blocks activity of penicillin binding protein, inhibiting D-ala formation within the cell wall)
Admin: Oral
Poor penetration, but can access CNS, joints, eyes
Renal Excretion
Targets Gram +, some Gram -

Question 5

Ampicillin (+/- Sulbactam)
(Inhibit Cell Wall Synthesis - bactericidal)
(Extended Spectrum)
(Strept, MSSA (w/sulb), Enterococci, E. coli)

Answer 5

B-lactam (blocks activity of penicillin binding protein, inhibiting D-ala formation within the cell wall)
Admin: Oral, Parenteral
Poor penetration, but can access CNS, joints, eyes
Renal Excretion
Targets Gram +, some Gram -

Question 6

Piperacillin-Tazobactam
(Inhibit Cell Wall Synthesis - bactericidal)
(Anti-Pseudomonal)
(Strept, MSSA, Enterococci, E. coli, Pseudomonas, B. Fragilis)

Answer 6

B-lactam (blocks activity of penicillin binding protein, inhibiting D-ala formation within the cell wall)
Admin: Parenteral
Poor penetration, but can access CNS, joints, eyes
Renal Excretion
Targets Gram +, some Gram -

Question 7

Ticarcillin-Clavulanic Acid
(Inhibit Cell Wall Synthesis - bactericidal)
(Beta-lactamase Inhibitor)
(Strept, MSSA, Enterococci, E. coli, Pseudomonas, B. Fragilis)

Answer 7

B-lactam (blocks activity of penicillin binding protein, inhibiting D-ala formation within the cell wall)
Admin: Parenteral
Poor penetration, but can access CNS, joints, eyes
Renal Excretion
Targets Gram +, some Gram -

Question 8

Penicillin Resistance

Answer 8

MSSA - beta-lactamase by plasmid
MRSA - modification of PBP
Pseudomonas - inability to penetrate

Question 9

Penicillin Side-effects & Drug Interactions

Answer 9

SE: Hypersensitivity (rash), convulsions at high concentrations, diarrhea (increases as spectrum broadens), rarely seizures, encephalopathy, and salt effect
DI: Cephalosporins may enhance IgE hypersensitivity