Fluoroquinolones

Question 1

Ciprofloxacin
(Inhibitors of DNA Function - bactericidal)
(Broad Spectrum)
(PSEUDOMONAS, E. coli, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma pneumoniae)

Answer 1

Targets bacterial DNA gyrase & topoisomerase IV
Admin: Oral or Parenteral
Good penetration into most tissues (lung, bone, muscle, fat, prostate, repro organs - CNS if meninges inflamed)
Renal Excretion

Question 2

Levofloxacin
(Inhibitors of DNA Function - bactericidal)
(Broad Spectrum)
(Strept, Staph (MSSA), Pseudomonas, E. coli, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma pneumoniae)

Answer 2

Targets bacterial DNA gyrase & topoisomerase IV
Admin: Oral or Parenteral
Good penetration into most tissues (LUNG, bone, muscle, fat, prostate, repro organs - CNS if meninges inflamed)
Renal Excretion

Question 3

Moxifloxacin
(Inhibitors of DNA Function - bactericidal)
(Broad Spectrum)
(Strept, Staph (MSSA), ANAEROBES, CHLAMYDIA, MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE)

Answer 3

Targets bacterial DNA gyrase & topoisomerase IV
Admin: Oral
Good penetration into most tissues (LUNG, bone, muscle, fat, prostate, repro organs - CNS if meninges inflamed)
Hepatic Excretion (20% Renal)

Question 4

Resistance

Answer 4

Point mutation on DNA gyrase, impermeable cells (Cipro - plasmid –>Qnr proteins protect gyrase, Acetyltransferase –> drug modification)

Question 5

Side Effects & Drug Interactions

Answer 5

SI: SUPERINFECTION (CDAD), Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, insomnia, stimulation, tendon rupture, arthropathies, QT prolongation, skin rashes
DI: Theophylline (DDI) and caffeine, increased toxicity due to inhibition of metabolism (esp Cipro)