Pelvis & Pelvic Floor Flashcards
The superior border of the pelvic cavity
Pelvic inlet
Posterior border of the pelvic inlet
sacral promontory
Lateral border of the pelvic inlet
arcuate line
What combines to for the linea terminalis
pubic crest, arcuate line, and pectin pubis
Anterior border of the pelvic inlet
Pubic crest
Located above the pelvic brim
false pelvis
located below the pelvic brim
true pelvis
what is contained in the false pelvis
abdominal visera
What is continuous with the abdominal cavity
Pelvis inlet
Located at the bottom of the true pelvis is the
pelvic diaphragm
Organs in the pelvic cavity are considered to be
retro(or INFRA)peritoneal
Ilium + ischium + pubis =
os coxae (2)
Superior edge of S1
sacral promontory
Definitive place to see all three bone in the os coxae
Acetabulum
What is the shape of the pelvic brim(inlet) in males
Heart shaped
What is the shape of the pelvic brim(inlet) in females
Oval
(male v. female) shorter pubic symphysis
female
(male v. female) wider pubic arch
female
(male v. female) more flared iliac wings (alae)
Female
(male v. female) ischial tuberosities farther apart
Female
(male v. female) sacrum shorter & less curved
female
Why is the Female pelvic inlet wider and oval shaped
accommodation of childbirth
(male v. female) obturator foramen is round
Male
Membrane that closes off obturator foramen(lower border of obturator canal)
obturator membrane
where is the Interosseous ligament located?
between the ilium and sacrum (SI joint)
Ligament that runs from ischial tuberosity to sacrum/coccyx
sacrotuberous
Ligament that runs from ischial spine to sacrum/coccyx
sacrospinuos
Ligament that is more visible from the anterior
sacrospinuos
Ligament that is more visible from the posterior
sacrotuberous
lower boundary of greater sciatic foramen
sacrospinuos
Muscle that connects from anterior sacrum to greater trochanter (boney feature of the femur)
Piriformis
passes behind greater sciatic notch
Piriformis
closes off posterior/superior pelvic outlet
Piriformis
Muscle that connects from obturator foramen to greater trochanter
Obturator internus
attaches to levator ani as tendinous arch
Obturator internus
Passes through the lesser sciatic notch
Obturator internus
what muscles arise in pelvis to act on hip joint
Obturator internus and Piriformis
what separated the pelvic cavity from the underlying perineum
pelvic diaphragm
largest components of the pelvic diaphragm
Levator Ani muscles
Iliococcygues, pubococcygeus, and puborectalis muscle make us the
Levator Ani muscles
Levator Ani muscles and the Coccygeus muscles make up the
pelvic diaphragm
Assisted by piriformis & obturator internus mm
formation of the pelvic diaphragm
allows for anorectal flexure important for marinating control of BMs
Puborectalis
what is traversed by the urethra in the male
Perineal Membrane
passage of urinary & genital systems
Urogenital
The pubic symphysis and the two ischial tuberosities border what triangle
Urogenital
The coccyx and the two ischial tuberosities border what triangle
Anal
passage of rectum & anus
Anal triangle
Point of attachment, anchoring in midline at posterior extent of perineal membrane
perineal body
why does the female have three sphincters associated the deep perineal pouch asa posed to the one in the male
large(r) vagina orifices
how is the weaker perineal membrane supported in the female
additional sphincters:
compressor urethrae and sphincter urethrovaginalis
what type of muscle are external sphincters
skeletal
how many sphincters does the female deep perineal pouch contain
3
how many sphincters does the male deep perineal pouch contain
1
what muscles is found in the deep perineal pouch
deep transverse perineal muscles
transport urine from kidneys to bladder
Ureters
cross external iliac vessels & descend into pelvis
Ureters
where to the ureters connect to the bladder
posterolateral aspect
crosses over the ureters in the male
ductus deferens
crosses over ureter in the female
uterine a.
Smooth muscle in the bladder
detrusor urinae
covered by peritoneum & supported by pelvic floor
Bladder
Where is the bladder covered by peritoneum
superior portion only
is the bladder intraperitoneal
No
In male what sits under the urinary bladder
prostate
What urethra is just above the prostate
Pre-prostatic
what does the membranous urethra pass through
perineal & muscles of the deep pouch
located in true pelvis superior to pelvic floor
Rectum
normally constricted by puborectal sling
Rectum
emerges in anal triangle inferior to pelvic floor
Anal Canal
Name the external anal sphincters
Deep
superficial
subcutaneous
what type of muscles is the internal anal sphincter
smooth muscle
primary male reproductive organs
Testes
fascial sheath derived from anterior abdominal wall
Spermatic cord
travels through the inguinal canal into scrotum
Spermatic cord
surrounds ductus deferens, testicular vessels & nn.
Spermatic cord
seminal vesicles
prostate gland
bulbourethral (Cowper’s) gland
reproductive glands of the Male
2 pea sized glands within UG diaphragm that empty into penile urethra
bulbourethral (Cowper’s) gland
walnut sized gland between bladder & UG diaphragm
prostate gland
joins vas def, forms ejaculatory ducts and empty into prostatic urethra
seminal vesicles
which portion of the epididymis is superior
head
which portion of the epididymis is connected to the ductus deference
tail
primary female reproductive organs
Ovaries
encapsulated and housed in true pelvis
Ovaries
ovaries + uterine tubes + uterine ligaments =
adnexa
muscular tubes for transport of ovum to uterus
Uterine (Fallopian) tubes
what changes the position of the uterus
Full bladder
pregnancy
usually anteverted & at right angle to vaginal canal
Uterus
inferior neck of uterus protruding into vaginal canal
Uterine cervix
circular gutter surrounding cervix
Vaginal fornix
what part of the Vaginal fornix
is deeper
posterior
peritoneum covering ovarian vessels & nerve
Suspensory lig of the uterus
peritoneum covering uterus and adnexa
Broad lig of the uterus
origin of the ovarian ligament and round ligament of the uterus
gubernaculum
Posterior extension of the broad ligament
Mesovarium
passes thru inguinal canal to fuse with labia majora
Round lig. of uterus
anchors ovary to uterus
Ovarian lig
