Pelvis

Question 1

sacroiliac

Answer 1

synovial joint

Question 2

lumbosacral

Answer 2

secondary cartilaginous, fibrocartilaginous joint with IV disc

Question 3

sacrococcygeal

Answer 3

secondary cartilaginous, fibrocartilaginous joint with IV disc

Question 4

pubic symphysis

Answer 4

secondary cartilaginous joint

Question 5

sacrospinous ligament

Answer 5

sacrum to ischial spine

Question 6

sacrotuberous ligament

Answer 6

sacrum to ischial tuberosity

Question 7

obturator internus

Answer 7

o-lesser pelvis, passes through lesser sciatic foramen

i-greater trochanter of femur

Question 8

piriformis

Answer 8

o-scarum in lesser pelvis, passes through greater sciatic foramen

i-greater trochanter

Question 9

pelvic diaphragm is made of

Answer 9

levator ani and coccygeus

Question 10

levator ani made up of

Answer 10

puborectalis
pubococcygeus
iliococcygeus

Question 11

puborectalis

Answer 11

muscular sling arising from pubis, maintains fecal continence

Question 12

pubococcygeous

Answer 12

from pubis and tendinous arch, attaching to coccyx

Question 13

iliococcygeous

Answer 13

from tendinous arch and ischial spine, blends with pubococcygeus

Question 14

coccygeous

Answer 14

ischial spine to coccygeus/sacum

Question 15

female urethra

Answer 15

• descends anterior to vagina (partly pelvic, partly perineal)
• urine exits via external urethral orifice
• glands exist adjacent to urethra (will discuss in perineum)

Question 16

male urethra

Answer 16

• much longer and more complex than in females
• 2 urethral curves in flaccid penis; 1 in erect penis
-4 parts

Question 17

specializations of prostatic urethra

Answer 17

• Urethral crest – median ridge
• Seminal colliculus – rounded eminence
• Prostatic utricle – cul-de-sac remnant of uterovaginal canal in seminal colliculus
• Openings of ejaculatory ducts in seminal colliculus (inferior to prostatic utricle)
• Openings of prostatic ducts – lateral to seminal colliculus

Question 18

extraperitoneal or subperitoneal

Answer 18

technically outside or below the peritoneal cavity; this includes most pelvic viscera

Question 19

primarily retroperitoneal

Answer 19

kidneys, ureters, rectum, anal canal; additionally the male prostate, seminal vesicles, & vas deferens

Question 20

intraperitoneal

Answer 20

uterus, ovaries, uterine tubes

Question 21

anterior division of internal iliac branches

Answer 21

• umbilical
• obturator
• inferior vesicular
• middle rectal
• internal pudendal
• inferior gluteal
• uterine

Question 22

umbilical a branch

Answer 22

superior vesicular which goes to ductus deferens

Question 23

uterine a branch

Answer 23

vaginal a

Question 24

posterior division of internal iliac branches

Answer 24

• iliolumbar
• lateral sacral
• superior gluteal

Question 25

inguinal nodes

Answer 25

receives lymph from lower limbs & lowest body wall (including external genitalia)

Question 26

external and internal iliac nodes

Answer 26

receive lymph from pelvis & inguinal nodes

Question 27

common iliac nodes

Answer 27

receive lymph mainly from external & internal iliac nodes

Question 28

lumbar nodes

Answer 28

receive lymph from common iliac nodes

Question 29

lumbosacral trunk n

Answer 29

L4-L5

Question 30

obturator n

Answer 30

L2-L4

Question 31

accessory obturator

Answer 31

L3-L4

Question 32

Sacral plexus

Answer 32

- sciatic - pudendal - superior gluteal - inferior gluteal

Question 33

sciatic n

Answer 33

sacral plexus L4-S3 supplies lower limb

Question 34

pudendal n

Answer 34

sacral plexus S2-S4 supplies skin and muscles of perineum, main sensory nerve for external genitalia

Question 35

superior gluteal n

Answer 35

sacral plexus L4-S1 supplies gluteus medius, minimus, tensor fascia latae

Question 36

inferior gluteal n

Answer 36

sacral plexus L5-S2 supplies gluteus maximus

Question 37

sympathetics in pelvis

Answer 37

arise from T11-L2, pass through sympathetic chain, synapse in inferior mesenteric ganglion, postsynaptics travel through superior hypogastric plexus

Question 38

parasympathetics in pelvis

Answer 38

arise from S2-S4 pelvic splanchnics, go through inferior and superior hypogastric plexuses, synpase in ganglia in organ/gut plexus, short postsynaptic fibers