Ab Cavity 4

Question 1

Blood supply & drain to kidneys

Answer 1

renal artery
segmental arteries
interlobar arteries
arcuate arteries
renal vein

Question 2

kidney innervation

Answer 2

sympathetic T10-L1

parasympathetic vagus, S2-S4

Question 3

adrenal gland cortex

Answer 3

produce corticosteroids and androgens

Question 4

adrenal gland medulla

Answer 4

produce norepi and epi

Question 5

adrenal gland blood supply

Answer 5

• superior suprarenal artery
• middle suprarenal artery
• inferior suprarenal artery

Question 6

adrenal gland medulla innervation

Answer 6

presynaptic sympathetics penetrate directly to medulla and synapse on chromaffin cells

Question 7

adrenal gland cortex

Answer 7

autonomic fibers associated with blood cells controlling vasodilation and vasoconstriction

Question 8

blood supply to diaphragm

Answer 8

• superior phrenic artery

- inferior phrenic artery

Question 9

psoas major

Answer 9

O: transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae; sides of vertebral bodies of T12-S1

I: lesser trochanter of femur

N: Lumbar plexus via anterior branches of nerves L2-L4

A: Acting inferiorly – flexes thigh; acting superiorly – flexes vertebral column laterally to balance trunk; when sitting acts inferiorly to flex trunk

Question 10

iliacus

Answer 10

O: superior two thirds of iliac fossa, ala of sacrum and anterior sacro-iliac ligaments

I: lesser trochanter of femur and shaft inferior to it.

N: femoral nerve (L2-L4)

A: flexes thigh and stabilizes hip joint; acts with psoas major

Question 11

quadratus lumborum

Answer 11

O: medial half of inferior border of 12th rib and tips of lumbar transverse processes

I: iliolumbar ligament and internal lip of iliac crest

N: anterior branches of T12 and L1-L4 nerves

A: extends and laterally flexes vertebral column. Fixes 12th rib during inspiration.

Question 12

subcostal nerves

Answer 12

from: ventral rami of T12

Innervates: external oblique muscle and skin of the anterolateral abdominal wall

Question 13

lumbar spinal nerves

Answer 13

from: L1-L5

Innervates: (posterior rami) deep back muscles, skin of the back; (anterior rami) skin and muscles of the most inferior trunk and lower limb.

Question 14

lumbar plexus

Answer 14

L1-L4

Question 15

ilioinguinal n

iliohypogastric n

Answer 15

from: L1

Innervates: Abdominal muscles and the skin of the inguinal and pubic regions

Question 16

genitofemoral n

Answer 16

from: L1-L2 (divides into genital and femoral branches)

Innervates: Skin below the inguinal ligament

Question 17

lateral femoral cutaneous n

Answer 17

from: L2-L3

Innervates: anterolateral skin of thigh

Question 18

femoral n

Answer 18

from: L2-L4

Innervates: iliacus, hip flexors, knee extensors

Question 19

obturator n

Answer 19

from: L2-L4

Innervates: medial thigh and adductors

goes through obturator foramen

Question 20

acessory obturator n

Answer 20

from: L3-L4

Innervates: pectineus, hip-joint

Question 21

Lumbosacral trunk

Answer 21

from: L4-L5

Innervates: joins sacral plexus

Question 22

subcostal arteries

Answer 22

from: thoracic aorta (inferior to 12th rib)

go: posterior body wall inferior to the 12th rib

Question 23

inferior phrenic a

Answer 23

from: abdominal aorta
go: inferior surface of diaphragm and suprarenal glands

Question 24

suprarenal a

Answer 24

from: abdominal aorta

go: suprarenal glands

Question 25

renal a

Answer 25

from: abdominal aorta | go: kidneys

Question 26

gonadal a

Answer 26

from: abdominal aorta | go: testes or ovaries

Question 27

lumbar a

Answer 27

from: abdominal aorta | go: posterior abdominal wall

Question 28

median sacral

Answer 28

from: abdominal aorta go: sacrum and coccyx

Question 29

abdominal aorta

Answer 29

splits at L4 into the right and left common iliac arteries, which again divide into internal (enters pelvis) and external iliac arteries (follows iliopsoas).

Question 30

inferior vena cava

Answer 30

going: Back to the heart for oxygenation comes from: blood comes from lower limbs, most of back, abdominal wall and abdominopelvic viscera *NOTE: blood coming from the gut passes through the hepatic portal system before returning to the IVC

Question 31

R, L, Middle Hepatic veins

Answer 31

going: inferior vena cava from: liver

Question 32

R, L inferior phrenic veins

Answer 32

going: inferior vena cava from: inferior side of diaphragm

Question 33

R suprarenal vein

Answer 33

going: inferior vena cava from: right suprarenal gland

Question 34

left suprarenal vein

Answer 34

going: renal vein from: left suprarenal gland

Question 35

lumbar veins

Answer 35

going: inferior vena cava from: posterior body wall

Question 36

R gonadal veins

Answer 36

going: inferior vena cava from: right testicle or ovary

Question 37

L gonadal veins

Answer 37

going: left renal vein from: left testicle or ovary

Question 38

blockage in inferior vena cava , can go these routes instead

Answer 38

- superior and inferior epigastric veins - thoracoepigastric veins - epidural venous plexus

Question 39

preaortic lymph nodes

Answer 39

- celiac - superior mesenteric - inferior mesenteric

Question 40

thoracic duct origin

Answer 40

anterior to L1 & L2 between right crus and aorta

Question 41

thoracic duct ends at

Answer 41

ends at junction of L subclavian and internal jugular vein