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SHB Exam #2 > Pelvis > Flashcards

Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

Name the components of the Ilium.

A
  • Iliac fossa
  • Iliac crest
  • Anterior superior iliac spine
  • Posterior superior iliac spine
  • Anterior inferior iliac spine
  • Posterior inferior iliac spine
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2
Q

Name the components of the Ischium.

A
  • Ischial tuberosity
  • Lesser sciatic notch
  • Ischiadic (Ischial) Spine
  • Greater Sciatic notch
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3
Q

Name the components of the Pubis.

A
  • Superior ramus
  • Inferior ramus
  • Body
  • Pubic Crest
  • Pubic tubercle
  • Pectineal line
  • Obturator foramen and membrane
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4
Q

“False Pelvis”

A

Pelvis Major

Lowermost part of the abdominal cavity lying between the iliac fossae.

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5
Q

“True Pelvis”

A

Pelvis Minor

Inferior to the superior pelvic aperture. Contains pelvic viscera.

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6
Q

Main contents of the Pelvis

A

(1) Rectum
(2) Bladder
(3) Uterus/vagina in females; prostate gland in males

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7
Q

Ligaments of the Pelvis

A

PUBIC SYMPHYSIS: Joins the two pubic bones

SACROILIAC LIGAMENTS: From iliac to sacral tuberosities

ILIOLUMBAR LIGAMENTS: L5 transverse process to iliac crest

SACROTUBEROUS LIGAMENT: From lateral sacrum and coccyx to the medial side of the ischial tuberosity

SACROSPINOUS LIGAMENT: From lateral sacrum and coccyx to ischial spine

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8
Q

Muscles of the Pelvis

A

(1) Obturator Internus
(2) Piriformis M.
(3) Pelvic Diaphragm
(4) Urogenital Diaphragm

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9
Q

Obturator Internus and Externus Muscles

A

INTERNUS:

  • Laterally rotates and stabilizes hip
  • Innervation: Nerve to obturator internus
  • Inserts into Greater Trochanter

OBTURATOR EXTERNUS has same insertion except outside of obturator membrane. It serves to rotate and adduct the hip.

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10
Q

Pectinate line

A

Pain sensory above the line

None below

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11
Q

Anal blood supply

A

Superior Rectal Br. of Mesenteric A. (Upper 2/3rds)

Middle Rectal A [from internal iliac A.] (lower 1/3rd muscular layer)

Inferior Rectal A. [from internal pudendal A.] (anastomoses with superior rectal in anal columns)

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12
Q

How is the Trigone of bladder different from the rest of the bladder?

A

Of mesodermal origin, whereas everything else is endodermal.

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13
Q

Pirformis Fossa Muscle

A
  • Inserts into greater trochanter
  • Laterally rotates and abducts thigh
  • Innervation: Anterior primary rami S1, S2
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14
Q

What structures forms the pelvic diaphragm?

A
  • Levator Ani Muscles
  • Coccygeus Muscle
  • Fascia
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15
Q

Muscles of Levator Ani

A
  • Iliococcygeus
  • Pubococcygeus
  • Puborectalis
  • Pubovaginalis/puboprostaticus
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16
Q

Coccygeus Innervation

A

Anterior Primary Rami

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17
Q

Arcus Tendinous

A

Whitish tendonous band that is part of the pelvic fascia and marks the line of attachment of the special fascia associated with the pelvic viscera.

18
Q

External iliac artery later become the…

A

Femoral artery

19
Q

Main divisions of the Internal Iliac

A

The Anterior and Posterior divisions of the Internal Iliac

20
Q

The branches off external iliac artery

A
  • Inferior epigastric

- Deep circumflex iliac

21
Q

All of the posterior division arteries of the internal iliac artery go to…

A

Muscles

22
Q

Branches of Posterior Division of Internal Iliac

A

(a) Ilioblumbar
(b) Lateral Sacral
(c) Superior gluteal

23
Q

Branches of Anterior Division of Internal Iliac

A

(a) umbilical
(b) superior vesical
(c) obturator
(d) inferior vesical
(e) middle rectal
(f) inferior gluteal
(g) internal pudendal

24
Q

Main important vein in pelvis

A

Uterine/Vaginal (ut/iv)

25
Q

Where does the sacral plexus rest?

A

On the piriformis muscle, where it gives branches to the pelvis and the perineum and then splits to give anterior and posterior divisions

26
Q

Sacral Plexus branches to the Pelvis/Perineum

A

(1) N. to piriforis
(2) perforating cutaneous
(3) pelvic splanchnics (autonomics)
(4) PUDENDAL N.
(5) Perineal branch of S4

27
Q

Anterior Division Nerves of Sacral Plexus

A
  • tibeal art of sciatic
  • nerve to quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus
  • nerve to obturator internus and to superior gemellus
  • medial part of posterior femoral cutaneous n.
  • PUDENDAL N.
28
Q

Posterior Division Nerves of Sacral Plexus

A
  • superior gluteal n.
  • inferior gluteal n.
  • common peroneal part of sciatic (fibial)
  • lateral part of posterior femoral cutaneous n.
  • n. to piriformis
  • perforating cutaneous n’s
29
Q

Ganglion Impar

A

Small ganglion at the front of the coccyx where the sympathetic trunks converge after descending from the abdomen along the sacrum.

30
Q

What notable muscle does the obturator nerve NOT innovate?

A

Obturator internus. This is innervated by the nerve to the Obturator internus. The obturator nerve DOES HOWEVER, innervate the external obturator, among other muscles.

31
Q

Functional of Pudendal nerve

A
  • Main nerve of the perineum.
  • Carries sensation from the external genitalia of both sexes and the skin around the anus/perineum
  • Motor supply to various pelvic muscles including external urethral sphincter and external anal sphincter

DAMAGE TO THIS NERVE (often during childbirth) MAY CAUSE SENSORY LOSS OR FETAL INCONTINENCE

32
Q

Sympathetic innervation of the pelvis

A

SUPERIOR HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS. Receives contributions from the lumbar splancnics n’s. The branches of the SHP spill into the pelvis as the R and L HYPOGASTRIC N’s.

-They mix with the pelvic splanchnics to form the INFERIOR HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS

33
Q

Parasympathetics of the Pelvis

A

PELVIC SPLANCHNICS (S2-4)

Combine with the sympathetic branches to form the INFERIOR HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS on the walls of the pelvis

34
Q

What defines the rectum?

A

It is continuous structurally with the colon but is called the rectum once the mesentery is lost

35
Q

When you here this word, think “bladder”

A

Vesical

36
Q

Muscular component of bladder walls

A

Detrusor Muscle

37
Q

The prostate is perforated (pierced) by the…

A

Urethra

38
Q

Large ligament surrounding uterus

A

Broad ligament

39
Q

What holds up the ovaries?

A

Sensory ligaments

40
Q

Relationship between uterine artery and ureter.

A

“Water under the bridge”

The ureter crosses UNDER the uterine aretery

41
Q

Blood supply of Ovaries

A

Ovarian Artery

SHB Exam #2 (18 decks)

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