Pelvis Flashcards
What are the three section of the fallopian tube from medial to lateral?
Isthmus - ampulla - infundibulum
What bony structures make up the pelvic inlet?
Sacrum, ilium, pubis, and pubic symphysis
What bones and ligaments form the boundaries of the pelvic outlet?
Coccyx and sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament, ischium, pubis and pubic symphysis
Which muscles make the pelvic diaphragm?
Levator ani and coccygeus
What are the functions of the pelvic diaphragm?
Support the pelvic viscera, resist increases in intra abdominal pressure (valsalva maneuvers), urinary and faecal continence
What are the two layers of the perineal muscles?
Superficial - same in men and women (superficial transverse perineal, ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus)
Deep - two extra muscles present in the female (deep transverse perineal, external urethral sphincter) + (sphincter urethovaginalis, compressor urethra)
Where do the vaginal and uterine arteries originate from?
Internal iliac artery
Where do the gonadal arteries originate from?
Abdominal aorta
What is the main nerve of the perineum?
Pudendal nerve
What is the main artery of the perineum?
Internal pudendal artery
At what vertebral level do the gonadal arteries emerge from the aorta?
L2
Where would you find lymph nodes draining the pelvic viscera?
Distributed along the internal and external iliac arteries
Once a follicle has released its oocyte through ovulation, what does the remainder of the follicle transform into?
Corpus luteum
What hormone does this structure secrete?
Progesterone
What hormone do leydig cells secrete?
Androgens including testosterone
What are the interstitial cells in between the seminiferous tubules
leydig cells
What vertebral level do the kidneys sit at?
T12-L3
What organs are in contact with the kidney?
Left : suprarenal, stomach, spleen, pancreas, small intestine (jejunum), large intestine (descending colon)
Right : suprarenal gland, liver , small intestine (descending part of duodenum), large intestine (r. colic flexure) , small intestine
Which 3 muscles are in contact with the posterior surface of each kidney?
Transversus abdominis, quadratus lumborum, psoas major
The _____ renal vein is relatively long and can be found travelling ___________to the abdominal aorta, while the ______renal vein travels directly and is relatively short. Conversely, the _____renal artery is the longer vessel, and can be found passing ________to the IVC. The _____ renal artery is comparatively shorter, and passes directly towards the left kidney.
So, the left renal vein is relatively long and can be found travelling anterior to the abdominal aorta, while the right renal vein travels directly and is relatively short. Conversely. The right renal artery is the longer vessel, and can be found passing posterior to the IVC. The left renal artery is comparatively shorter, and passes directly towards the left kidney.
How is voiding of the bladder controlled?
The external sphincter of the bladder, this sphincter allows us to control when we void our bladders.
