Neurovasculature Flashcards
what are the landmarks of the cubital fossa?
Boundaries – line joining epicondyles, brachioradialis, pronator teres
Roof – deep fascia
Floor – brachialis, supinator
Contents – tendon of biceps, brachial artery, median nerve (lateral to medial)
what does the musculocutaneous nerve supply?
C5,6,7) arm, anterior (flexor) compartment
what does the median nerve supply?
– (C5,6,7,8,T1) forearm, anterior (flexor) compartment; intrinsic muscles of hand
what does the ulnar nerve innervate?
(C8,T1) – forearm, anterior (flexor) compartment; intrinsic muscles of hand
what is the general arrangement of the brachial plexus?
Roots / trunks / divisions / cords
What does the radial nerve innervate?
(C5,6,7,8,T1) - arm and forearm, posterior (extensor) compartments
what does the axillary nerve innervate?
C5,6 - deltoid, teres minor
where are the roots of the brachial plexus located?
behind scalenus anterior
where are the trunks of the brachial plexus located?
in posterior triangle of neck
where are the divisions of the brachial plexus located?
behind clavicle
where are the cords of the brachial plexus located?
clasping 2nd part of axillary artery, behind pectoralis minor, named accordingly
what are the names of the 3 branches off the root nerves superior to inferior?
off C5 = dorsal scapular nerve , C5+C6 = nerve to subclavius , C5 + C6 + C7 = long thoracic nerve
what is the name of the branch off the superior most trunk of the brachial plexus?
suprascapular
what nerve branches off the lateral and medial cord
Lateral pectoral nerve
what nerves branch off the medial cord?
medial pectoral nerve
medial cutaneous nerve of arm
medial cutaneous nerve of forearm
what nerves branch off the posterior cord?
Upper subscapular nerve
thoracodorsal
lower subscapular nerve
What branches terminate off the posterior cord? (Superior to inferior)
Axillary nerve , radial nerve
what branches terminate off the lateral cord?
musculocutaneous nerve, lateral root of median nerve
what branches terminate off the medial cord?
ulnar nerve, medial root of median nerve
What do the lateral root and medial root of the median nerve join to?
Median nerve
Trace the major arteries of the lower limb (listed below) from the origin of the femoral artery
to the plantar arch (foot). Where does each artery begin and end?
Femoral / popliteal / ant. tibial & dorsalis pedis / post. tibial & plantar arch / peroneal
Ensure that you can locate the important pulses of the lower limb on yourself. Check with a
demonstrator.
Femoral in groin (practice at home!) / popliteal (difficult) / dorsalis pedis / posterior tibial
Popliteal fossa
Identify the boundaries, roof, floor, contents and relationships.
Boundaries – hamstrings, heads of gastrocnemius
Roof – deep fascia
Floor – popliteal surface of femur, capsule of knee joint, popliteus
Contents – tibial & com. peroneal nerves, popliteal vein, popliteal artery (supf. to deep)
For each compartment of the thigh and leg (listed below) identify the associated nerve(s).
What is the root values of each nerve? What muscles do they supply?
Thigh – anterior, posterior and medial (adductor) compartments
Leg – anterior, posterior and lateral (peroneal) compartments
where does the popliteal artery start and end?
Note: the popliteal artery extends from the hiatus in adductor magnus to the lower border
of popliteus.
What nerve innervates the medial compartment of the thigh?
the medial (adductor) compartment is innervated by the Obturator (L2,3,4)
What nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the thigh?
the anterior (Extensor) compartment is innervated by the Femoral nerve (L2,3,4)
What nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the thigh?
the posterior (flexor) compartment is innervated by the sciatic nerve (L4,5,S1,2,3)
What nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the leg?
The posterior (flexor) compartment of the leg is innervated by the tibial (L4,4,S1,2,3)
What nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the leg?
the anterior (extensor) compartment of the leg is innervated by the deep peroneal (L4,5,S1,2) nerve
What nerve innervates the lateral compartment of the leg?
The lateral (peroneal) compartment of the leg is innervated by the superficial peroneal (L4,5,S1,2)
what does c5, 6 7 (8) do at the shoulder?
C5 lifts the arm, 67(8) lowers it
what does c5 6 , 7 (8) do at the elbow?
C5 6 lifts the arm , c7 8 lowers the arm
what nerves supinate the hand?
c6
what nerves pronate the hand?
c7,8
what nerves lift the hand?
C6,7
What nerves lower the hand?
c6, 7
what nerves move the fingers laterally?
T1
what nerves raise and lower the finger?
c 78
what does the axillary nerve supply?
Deltoid and teres minor
what does the musculocutaneous nerve supply?
Arm: anterior compartment
what does the radial nerve supply?
posterior compartment of arm and forearm
what does the median nerve supply?
anterior forearm
what does the ulnar nerve supply?
intrinsic muscles of the hand
what happens if the T1 dermatome and myotome is lost?
dermatome = inner arm , myotome = claw hand
what happens if there is an injury to the surgical neck of the humerus?
numbness of upper arm, weakness of shoulder abduction
