Neurovasculature

Question 1

what are the landmarks of the cubital fossa?

Answer 1

Boundaries – line joining epicondyles, brachioradialis, pronator teres
Roof – deep fascia
Floor – brachialis, supinator
Contents – tendon of biceps, brachial artery, median nerve (lateral to medial)

Question 2

what does the musculocutaneous nerve supply?

Answer 2

C5,6,7) arm, anterior (flexor) compartment

Question 3

what does the median nerve supply?

Answer 3

– (C5,6,7,8,T1) forearm, anterior (flexor) compartment; intrinsic muscles of hand

Question 4

what does the ulnar nerve innervate?

Answer 4

(C8,T1) – forearm, anterior (flexor) compartment; intrinsic muscles of hand

Question 5

what is the general arrangement of the brachial plexus?

Answer 5

Roots / trunks / divisions / cords

Question 6

What does the radial nerve innervate?

Answer 6

(C5,6,7,8,T1) - arm and forearm, posterior (extensor) compartments

Question 7

what does the axillary nerve innervate?

Answer 7

C5,6 - deltoid, teres minor

Question 8

where are the roots of the brachial plexus located?

Answer 8

behind scalenus anterior

Question 9

where are the trunks of the brachial plexus located?

Answer 9

in posterior triangle of neck

Question 10

where are the divisions of the brachial plexus located?

Answer 10

behind clavicle

Question 11

where are the cords of the brachial plexus located?

Answer 11

clasping 2nd part of axillary artery, behind pectoralis minor, named accordingly

Question 12

what are the names of the 3 branches off the root nerves superior to inferior?

Answer 12

off C5 = dorsal scapular nerve , C5+C6 = nerve to subclavius , C5 + C6 + C7 = long thoracic nerve

Question 13

what is the name of the branch off the superior most trunk of the brachial plexus?

Answer 13

suprascapular

Question 14

what nerve branches off the lateral and medial cord

Answer 14

Lateral pectoral nerve

Question 15

what nerves branch off the medial cord?

Answer 15

medial pectoral nerve
medial cutaneous nerve of arm
medial cutaneous nerve of forearm

Question 16

what nerves branch off the posterior cord?

Answer 16

Upper subscapular nerve
thoracodorsal
lower subscapular nerve

Question 17

What branches terminate off the posterior cord? (Superior to inferior)

Answer 17

Axillary nerve , radial nerve

Question 18

what branches terminate off the lateral cord?

Answer 18

musculocutaneous nerve, lateral root of median nerve

Question 19

what branches terminate off the medial cord?

Answer 19

ulnar nerve, medial root of median nerve

Question 20

What do the lateral root and medial root of the median nerve join to?

Answer 20

Median nerve

Question 21

Trace the major arteries of the lower limb (listed below) from the origin of the femoral artery
to the plantar arch (foot). Where does each artery begin and end?

Answer 21

Femoral / popliteal / ant. tibial & dorsalis pedis / post. tibial & plantar arch / peroneal

Question 22

Ensure that you can locate the important pulses of the lower limb on yourself. Check with a
demonstrator.

Answer 22

Femoral in groin (practice at home!) / popliteal (difficult) / dorsalis pedis / posterior tibial

Question 23

Popliteal fossa
Identify the boundaries, roof, floor, contents and relationships.

Answer 23

Boundaries – hamstrings, heads of gastrocnemius
Roof – deep fascia
Floor – popliteal surface of femur, capsule of knee joint, popliteus
Contents – tibial & com. peroneal nerves, popliteal vein, popliteal artery (supf. to deep)

Question 24

For each compartment of the thigh and leg (listed below) identify the associated nerve(s).
What is the root values of each nerve? What muscles do they supply?

Answer 24

Thigh – anterior, posterior and medial (adductor) compartments
Leg – anterior, posterior and lateral (peroneal) compartments

Question 25

where does the popliteal artery start and end?

Answer 25

Note: the popliteal artery extends from the hiatus in adductor magnus to the lower border of popliteus.

Question 26

What nerve innervates the medial compartment of the thigh?

Answer 26

the medial (adductor) compartment is innervated by the Obturator (L2,3,4)

Question 27

What nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 27

the anterior (Extensor) compartment is innervated by the Femoral nerve (L2,3,4)

Question 28

What nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the thigh?

Answer 28

the posterior (flexor) compartment is innervated by the sciatic nerve (L4,5,S1,2,3)

Question 29

What nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 29

The posterior (flexor) compartment of the leg is innervated by the tibial (L4,4,S1,2,3)

Question 30

What nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 30

the anterior (extensor) compartment of the leg is innervated by the deep peroneal (L4,5,S1,2) nerve

Question 31

What nerve innervates the lateral compartment of the leg?

Answer 31

The lateral (peroneal) compartment of the leg is innervated by the superficial peroneal (L4,5,S1,2)

Question 32

what does c5, 6 7 (8) do at the shoulder?

Answer 32

C5 lifts the arm, 67(8) lowers it

Question 33

what does c5 6 , 7 (8) do at the elbow?

Answer 33

C5 6 lifts the arm , c7 8 lowers the arm

Question 34

what nerves supinate the hand?

Answer 34

c6

Question 35

what nerves pronate the hand?

Answer 35

c7,8

Question 36

what nerves lift the hand?

Answer 36

C6,7

Question 37

What nerves lower the hand?

Answer 37

c6, 7

Question 38

what nerves move the fingers laterally?

Answer 38

T1

Question 39

what nerves raise and lower the finger?

Answer 39

c 78

Question 40

what does the axillary nerve supply?

Answer 40

Deltoid and teres minor

Question 41

what does the musculocutaneous nerve supply?

Answer 41

Arm: anterior compartment

Question 42

what does the radial nerve supply?

Answer 42

posterior compartment of arm and forearm

Question 43

what does the median nerve supply?

Answer 43

anterior forearm

Question 44

what does the ulnar nerve supply?

Answer 44

intrinsic muscles of the hand

Question 45

what happens if the T1 dermatome and myotome is lost?

Answer 45

dermatome = inner arm , myotome = claw hand

Question 46

what happens if there is an injury to the surgical neck of the humerus?

Answer 46

numbness of upper arm, weakness of shoulder abduction