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Anatomy > Pelvic Wall > Flashcards

Pelvic Wall Flashcards

1
Q

linea terminalis / iliopectineal line

A

divide pelvis into false and true pelvis

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2
Q

makeup linea terminalis

A

pubic crest
pecten
pubis arcuate line

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3
Q

form pelvic inlet

A

sacral promontory
margin of ala
linea terminalis

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4
Q

form pelvic outlet

A

pubic arch
sacrotuberous ligament
coccyx
pubic symphysis

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5
Q

characteristics of female pelvis

A
  • cavity is broad and shallow
  • pelvic inlet oval + outlet round
  • bones are lighter thinner
  • pubic angle larger ( 80 - 85°)
  • coccyx more flexible straighter
  • ischial tuberosities shorter more everted
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6
Q

characteristics of male pelvis

A
  • cavity is narrow and deep
  • smaller inlet + outlet <3 shaped
  • bones heavier thicker
  • pubic angle more acute (50-60°)
  • coccyx less flexible more curved
  • ischial tuberosities longer face more medially
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7
Q

pubic symphysis

A
  • secondary cartilaginous joint (a joint made of hyaline
    cartilage and fibrocartilage)
  • between the left and right pubic bones
  • has a superior and inferior pubic ligaments
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8
Q

four joints of the pelvis

A
  • lumbosacral
  • sacroiliac
  • sacrococcygeal
  • pubic symphysis
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9
Q

lumbosacral joint

A
  • symphysis (secondary cartilaginous) (immovable) joint
  • between the fifth lumbar vertebra and the base of the
    sacrum
  • action : flexion extension lateral flexion and minimal
    rotation of the torso with respect to the pelvis and lower
    limbs
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10
Q

sacroiliac joint

A
  • synovial joint
  • between the ala of sacrum and the auricular surface o
    ilium
  • action : allows very little mobility through slight gliding
    and rotation movements. In women, the ligaments of the
    joint soften during pregnancy, enabling the increase of
    pelvic diameter during childbirth
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11
Q

sacrococcygeal joint

A
  • amphiarthrodial joint (movable and fibrous)
  • between the fifth sacral and first coccygeal segments
  • action : allows flexion and extension of the coccyx
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12
Q

pubic symphysis

A
  • secondary cartilaginous joint
  • between the medial surfaces of the pubic bones
  • action : usually there are no movements of this joint
    except in pregnancy when the ligaments and cartilage
    soften, allowing the increase of pelvic diameters during
    labor
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13
Q

content and boundary of greater pelvis

A
  • abdominal viscera
  • bounded by abdominal wall anteriorly
    iliac fossa posteriolaterally
    L5, S1 vertebrae posteriorly
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14
Q

content and boundary of lesser pelvis

A
  • pelvic viscera
  • bounded by the pelvic surfaces of the hip bones sacrum
    coccyx inferiorly by the pelvic diaphragm
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15
Q

posterior lateral pelvic wall is formed by

A

sacrum coccyx parts of ilia the sacroiliac joints and piriform muscle

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16
Q

form pelvic floor

A

pelvic diaphragm consists of levator and and coccyges muscle and their fasciae

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17
Q

parts of levator ani

A

consists of three parts pubococcygeus puborectalis iliococcyegeus

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18
Q

origin of levator ani

A

body of pubis fascia of obturator internus and spine of ischium

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19
Q

insertion of levator ani

A

perineal body
anoccoccygeal body
wall of prostate vagina rectum and anal canal

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20
Q

innervation of levator ani

A

fourth sacral nerve and pudendal nerve

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21
Q

action of levator ani

A

supports pelvic viscera sphincter to anorectal junction and vagina raise the pelvic floor and assist the abdominal muscles in forced expiration activities

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22
Q

perineal body

A

(or central tendon of perineum) is a pyramidal fibromuscular mass in the middle line of the perineum at the junction between the urogenital triangle and the anal triangle it is found in both males and females

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23
Q

origin of piriformis

A

front of sacrum

24
Q

insertion of piriformis

A

greater trochanter of femur

25
Q

innervation of pririformis

A

sacral plexuses

26
Q

action of piriformis

A

lateral rotator of femur at hip

27
Q

origin of obturator internus

A

obturator membrane and adjoining part of hip bone

28
Q

insertion of obturator internus

A

greater trochanter of femur

29
Q

nerve supply of obturator internus

A

nerve to obturator internus from sacral plexus

30
Q

function of obturator internus

A

lateral rotation of femur at hip joint

31
Q

origin of coccyges

A

spine of ischium

32
Q

insertion of coccyges

A

lower end of sacrum and coccyx

33
Q

innervation of coccyges

A

fourth and fifth sacral nerve

34
Q

action of coccyges

A

assists levator ani to support pelvic viscera flexes coccyx

35
Q

where does the aorta terminate

A

at L4 where it divides into left and right common iliac arteries

36
Q

direct branches of the abdominal aorta

A 
external iliac artery
internal iliac artery
superior rectal artery 
median sacral artery 
ovarian artery
37
Q

branches of the external iliac artery

A

inferior epigastric artery

deep circumflex artery

38
Q

branches of the internal iliac artery posterior division

A
  • iliolumbar artery
  • superior gluteal artery
  • lateral sacral arteries
39
Q

branches of the internal iliac artery anterior division

A
  • obturator artery
  • umbilical artery
  • vaginal/uterine artery
  • inferior vesical artery
  • middle rectal artery
  • internal pudendal artery
  • inferior gluteal artery
  • inferior rectal artery
40
Q

veinous drainage of pelvis

A
  • inferior vena cava (L5)
  • common iliac veins
  • internal iliac veins
  • external iliac veins (femoral vein)
  • testicular or ovarian veins (left or right)
41
Q

superior rectal artery supplies

A

the whole of the rectum and the upper part of the anal canal up to the dentate line

42
Q

middle rectal artery supplies

A

rectum seminal vesicle vagina

43
Q

inferior rectal artery supplies

A

the lower part of the anal canal and the rectum and its supply may extend up to the peritoneal reflection of the rectum

44
Q

middle rectal artery supplies

A

the lumbar and sacral vertebra coccyx anorectal junction and posterior part of the rectum

45
Q

inferior epigastric artery supplies

A

the anterior abdominal wall muscles and skin of the anterior abdominal wall deep abdominal wall of the pubic and lower umbilical regions spermatic cord

46
Q

deep circumflex artery supplies

A

the muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall the iliac crest and the skin overlying the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

47
Q

iliolumbar artery supplies

A

the iliac branch of the iliolumbar artery supplies the ilium and iliacus muscle as well as contributing to anastomoses around the anterior superior iliac spine

the lumbar branch supplies the foramen between L5 and S1 it proceeds towards psoas major and quadrates lumborum which it also supplies

48
Q

superior gluteal artery supplies

A

the gluteus maximus and overlying skin, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fascia lata. It contributes to anastomoses at the anterior superior iliac spine and the hip joint

49
Q

inferior gluteal artery supplies

A

the gluteus maximus, piriformis, internal obturatorius, gemellus superior and inferior and quadratus femurs muscles
inferior gluteal artery gives off a branch to the sciatic nerve

50
Q

obturator artery supplies

A

the muscles of the pelvis and the adductors of the thigh obturator externus provides a branch that supplies the head of the femur

passes through the obturator foramen

51
Q

obturator artery supplies

A

the muscles of the pelvis and the adductors of the thigh obturator externs provides a branch that supplies the head of the femur

passes through the obturator foramen

52
Q

umbilical artery

A

carries deoxygenated, nutrient-depleted blood from the fetus to the placenta

53
Q

ovarian artery supplies oxygenated blood to the ovary, fallopian tube, and uterus

A

oxygenated blood to the ovary, fallopian tube, and uterus.

54
Q

vaginal/uterine artery supplies

A

in the myometrium the uterine artery further branches out to the arcuate artery, radial artery, spiral artery, and basal artery. The descending branch supplies blood to uterine cervix and vagina

55
Q

inferior vesical artery supplies

A

the fundus and neck of the male urinary bladder, prostate, seminal vesicles, vas deferens, urethra and ureter in females when present, it supplies the urinary bladder

56
Q

internal pudendal artery supplies

A

the external genitalia

Anatomy (9 decks)

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