Development of renal and reproductive system

Question 1

urgenital is derived from

Answer 1

intermediate mesoderm along posterior wall of abdominal cavity

Question 2

pronephrons

Answer 2

first stage of kidney development
begins at fourth week
7- 10 solid cell groups in cervical region
form vestigal excretory unit
by the end of the fourth week all indicatiosm pronephric system are gone

Question 3

mesonephrons

Answer 3

derived from upper thoracic to upper lumbar segments
develop at the end of pronephrons stage
first excretory tubule of the mesonephros appear capillaries appear will form glomerulus around the glomerulus the tubule will form bowman capsule together these structures continue as renal corpuscle

Question 4

longitudinal collecting duct

Answer 4

mesonephric duct aka wolffian duct

Question 5

middle of second month development

Answer 5

mesonephrons form large ovoid organ on each side of the midline

Question 6

ridge between developing gonads and kidneys

Answer 6

urogenital ridge

Question 7

definitive kidney

Answer 7

metanephros

Question 8

when does the metanephros appear

Answer 8

during the fifth week

Question 9

collecting duct of the permanent kidney develop from

Answer 9

ureteric bud

Question 10

ureteric bud penetrates metanephric tissue dilating and forming

Answer 10

renal pelvis and splits into cranial and caudal portions which are the future major calcyes

Question 11

ureteric bud gives rise to

Answer 11

ureter renal pelvis major and minor calyces and 1- 3 million collecting tubule

Question 12

each newly formed collecting tube distal end is covered in

Answer 12

metanephric tissue cap

Question 13

what week of glomerular capillaries form

Answer 13

10th week

Question 14

wilms tumor

Answer 14

cancer of the kidneys that affect children under 5 years of age due to mutation of WT1 gene on 11p13

Question 15

position of kidneys

Answer 15

initially in pelvic region later shift mer cranially to abdomen

Question 16

ascent of kidneys caused by

Answer 16

diminution of body curvature and by growth of the body of the lunar and sacral regions

Question 17

blood supply of metanephrons

Answer 17

pelvic branch of the aorta

Question 18

at what week does the metanephron become functional

Answer 18

12th week

Question 19

responsible for exertion in fetal life

Answer 19

placenta

Question 20

fourth too seventh week of gestation

Answer 20

cloaca divides into urogenital sinus anteriorly and anal canal posteriorly

Question 21

urorectal septum

Answer 21

layer of mesoderm between primitive anal canal and urogenital sinus

Question 22

tip of urorectal septum forms

Answer 22

perineal body

Question 23

urgenital sinus is divided into three parts

Answer 23

upper and largest part - urinary bladder
the urachus - connects the apex of the bladder with the umbilicus in adult it forms median umbilical ligament
narrow canal pelvic part of the urogenital sinus - gives rise to prostatic and membraneous pays of the urethra
last part - phalic part

Question 24

gives rise to ejaculatory duct

Answer 24

duct of mesonephric

Question 25

gives rise to trigone of bladder

Answer 25

mesodermal

Question 26

later development of the trigone

Answer 26

with time it shifts from mesodermal to epithelium endodermal along with the rest of the bladder

Question 27

epithelium of urethra in both sexes

Answer 27

originates in the endoderm surrounding connective tissue and smooth muscle derived from visceral mesoderm

Question 28

prostate gland development

Answer 28

at the end of the third month epithelium of the prostatic urethra proliferates

Question 29

prostatic urethra proliferates and gives rise to

Answer 29

prostate in men and urethral and paraurethral glands in women

Question 30

when do the gonads squire female or male characteristics

Answer 30

7 th week of development

Question 31

gonads are formed from

Answer 31

proliferation of epithelium and a congestion of underlying mesenchyme

Question 32

when do germ cells appear in genital ridge

Answer 32

sixth week of development

Question 33

primordial germs cells originate in the

Answer 33

epiblast

Question 34

encodes testis determination factor

Answer 34

SRY gene

Question 35

separates testis cord from surface epithelium

Answer 35

tunica albuginea

Question 36

germ cells and sustentacular cells of sertoli are derived from

Answer 36

derived from surface epithelium of the gland

Question 37

interstitial cells of leydig are derived from

Answer 37

original mesenchyme of gonadal ridge

Question 38

what week of gestation do the leydig cells produce testosterone

Answer 38

eighth week of gestation

Question 39

when is seminiferous tubules formed

Answer 39

at puberty

Question 40

wolffian duct becomes

Answer 40

ductus deferens

Question 41

forms ovarian medulla

Answer 41

vascular stroma

Question 42

medullary cord in embryo

Answer 42

develops in men

degenerates in women

Question 43

cortical cords in embryo

Answer 43

develops in women

no cortical cord in men

Question 44

when is genetic sex determined

Answer 44

determined at fertilisation but isn’t recognised until the seventh week of gestation

Question 45

genital ducts include

Answer 45

mesonephric duct - wolffian

paramesonephric duct - müllerian

Question 46

genital ducts in males are derived from

Answer 46

mesnephric kidney system and are stimulated to develop testosterone

Question 47

form epididymis

Answer 47

mesonephric ducts