bladder ureter urethra

Question 1

muscular tubes that extend from the kidneys to the posterior surface of the bladder

Answer 1

ureter

Question 2

length of ureters

Answer 2

10 in ( 20 cm )

Question 3

constrictions of the ureter

Answer 3

there are three

1. ureter passes over inferior renal pole
2. ureter passes over external iliac vessels
3. ureter passes through the bladder wall

Question 4

fourth constrictor that can exist

Answer 4

ureter passes posterior to the gonadal vessels

Question 5

renal pelvis

Answer 5

expanded upper part of ureter that connects to the kidneys

Question 6

separates ureters from transverse processes posteriorly

Answer 6

psoas muscle

Question 7

blood supply to the ureters

Answer 7

upper part - renal artery
middle part - testicular or ovarian artery
pelvis part - superior vesicle artery

Question 8

venous drainage of ureters

Answer 8

veins that correspond to the artery

Question 9

lymph drainage of ureters

Answer 9

lateral aortic nodes and the iliac nodes

Question 10

innervation of ureters

Answer 10

renal testicular or ovarian and hypogastric plexuses

afferent fibres travel up to 1st and 2nd lumbar

Question 11

abdominal part of ureter

Answer 11

adheres close to parietal perineum

Question 12

pelvic part of ureter

Answer 12

crosses the pelvic brim

Question 13

intramural part of ureter

Answer 13

also known as vesicle enters the urinary bladder

Question 14

ureter relationship with the uterine artery and veins

Answer 14

ureter crosse beneath the artery and veins to enter in the pelvic cavity

Question 15

located of bladder

Answer 15

fat filled retro pubic space

immediately behind pubic bones

Question 16

shape of bladder when empty

Answer 16

4 sided pyramid resides in true pelvis

has a apex base superior two inferolateral surfaces and a neck

Question 17

shape of bladder when full

Answer 17

ovoid protrudes anteriorly & superiorly into the abdominal cavity ( hypogastric cavity )

Question 18

bladder is held in place by

Answer 18

pubovesical ligaments in women
puboprostatic ligaments in men
(thickenings of endopelvic fascia)

neck is fixed – located approx. 3-4 cm behind the lower margin of the symphysis pubis

surrounding fat within the retropubic space

Question 19

maximum capacity of bladder

Answer 19

500 ml

Question 20

connect the bladder and umbilicus

Answer 20

median umbilical ligament

Question 21

the bladder and the ureters connects at

Answer 21

superior lateral surface which faces posteriorly

Question 22

inferior angles of bladder give rise to

Answer 22

the urethra

Question 23

vasa deferens position to bladder

Answer 23

lie on the posteriori surface of bladder separating it from seminal vesicles

Question 24

what covers the upper part of the posterior surface of the bladder

Answer 24

peritoneum which forms the anterior wall of rectovesical pouch

Question 25

what separates the lower part of the bladder and the rectum

Answer 25

vas deferens seminal vescial and rectovescial pouch

Question 26

what covers the superior surface of the bladder

Answer 26

peritoneum and is related to the coils of the ileum or sigmoid colon

Question 27

lateral to bladder

Answer 27

lateral pelvic wall

Question 28

inferolateral surface of bladder is related to

Answer 28

retropubic pads of fat and the pubic bones

Question 29

most posterior part of bladder lie in contact with

Answer 29

obturator internus above and levator ani below

Question 30

neck of the bladder lies on

Answer 30

upper surface of prostate

Question 31

bladder trigone

Answer 31

is a smooth triangular region of the internal urinary bladder in non distended state formed by the two ureteric orifices and the internal urethral orifice the area is very sensitive to expansion and once stretched to a certain degree the urinary bladder signals the brain of its need to empty

Question 32

ureter trigone location

Answer 32

open into the posterior inferolateral aspect of the bladder

Question 33

urethra trigone location

Answer 33

commences at the neck of the bladder as the internal urethral orifice

Question 34

sphincters of the urethra

Answer 34

internal and external urethral spinchters

Question 35

internal urethral sphincter

Answer 35

``` located at neck of the bladder detrusor muscle (smooth m.) autonomic innervation ```

Question 36

sphincter urethrae external urethral sphincter

Answer 36

with membranous urethra skeletal muscle innervated by pudendal n.

Question 37

prevent seminal fluid from entering the bladder

Answer 37

sympathetic innervation of the sphincter which contacts

Question 38

blood supply of bladder

Answer 38

superior and inferior vesicle arteries

Question 39

venous drainage of bladder

Answer 39

vesical venous plexuses that drain into the internal iliac artery

Question 40

lymph drainage of bladder

Answer 40

internal and external iliac nodes

Question 41

innervation of bladder

Answer 41

sympathetic post ganglionic fibres of the 1st and 2nd lumbar descend via hypogastric plexuses parasympathetic fibres from the pelvic splanchnic nerves from 2nd 3rd 4th sacral nerves via inferior hypogastric plexuses

Question 42

inhibit contraction of the detrusor muscle of the bladder wall and stimulate closure of sphincter vesicle

Answer 42

sympathetic nerves

Question 43

stimulate contraction of the detrusor muscle of the bladder wall and inhibit the action of spinster vesicle

Answer 43

parasympathetic nerves

Question 44

sections of the male urethra

Answer 44

prostatic urethra membranous urethra penile spongy urethra

Question 45

prostatic urethra is located in

Answer 45

within the anterior half of the prostate

Question 46

membranous urethra is located in

Answer 46

deep perineal pouch with sphincter urethrae

Question 47

penile spongy urethra

Answer 47

its proximal portion contains openings for the bulbourethral glands

Question 48

length of male urethra

Answer 48

15-25 cm

Question 49

length of female urethra

Answer 49

4 cm