kidneys and ureter

Question 1

function of kidneys

Answer 1

excretion of urea uric acid creatine
disposes of waste and excess ions
regulates blood volume
affects blood pressure and red blood cell formation

Question 2

urea is broken down from

Answer 2

amino acids

Question 3

uric acid is broken down from

Answer 3

nuclei acid turnover

Question 4

creatine is broken down from

Answer 4

creatine phosphate

Question 5

glycoprotein secreted by kidneys that help in the formation of rbcs

Answer 5

erythropoietin

Question 6

location of kidneys

Answer 6

lie against the posterior abdominal wall above the ilium and are protected by the lower two ribs

Question 7

renal hilus

Answer 7

is the location where blood vessels and nerves enter the kidney

Question 8

superior to the kidneys are the

Answer 8

adrenal glands

Question 9

capsules of the kidneys

Answer 9

kidneys are surrounded by

the renal capsule (dense connective tissue)
the adipose capsule (contains perirenal fat)
the most external membrane is renal fascia

Question 10

features of the kidney

Answer 10

• renal cortex : superior part light in color
• renal medulla : darker middle
• renal medulla is divide into pyramids and columns
• major and minor calices

Question 11

function of renal cortex

Answer 11

provides a space for arterioles and venules from the renal artery and vein as well as the glomerular capillaries to perfuse the nephrons of the kidney erythropotein is produced in the renal cortex

Question 12

function of renal medulla

Answer 12

regulate concentration of the urine

Question 13

function of renal pyramids

Answer 13

pyramids consist mainly of tubules that transport urine from the cortical, or outer, part of the kidney, where urine is produced, to the calyces,

Question 14

function of renal columns

Answer 14

medullary extension of the renal cortex in between the renal pyramids allows the cortex to be better anchored

Question 15

blood supply and venous drainage of the kidneys

Answer 15

main blood supply of the kidneys is the renal artery and veins

renal artery - interlobular - arcuate - interlobular - afferent and efferent arterioles around the nephrons

Question 16

blood supply and venous drainage of the kidneys

Answer 16

main blood supply of the kidneys is the renal artery and veins

aorta - renal artery - segmental - interlobular - arcuate - interlobular - afferent arterioles around the nephrons - gomerulus capillaries - efferent arterioles - pritubular capillaries and vasa recta - interlobular vein - arcuate vein- interlobular vein - renal vein - inferior vena cava

Question 17

blood supply that wraps around nephrons

Answer 17

pritubular capillaries and vasa recta

Question 18

sympathetic fibres of the kidneys control

Answer 18

the diameters of the kidney arteries and influence uriniferous (kidney) tubules

Question 19

stages of urine production

Answer 19

flirtation absorption

Question 20

stages of urine production

Answer 20

filtration reabsorption and secretion

Question 21

what enters the kidneys

Answer 21

blood filtrate fluid filtered from blood

Question 22

filtration stage of urine production

Answer 22

blood filtrate enters kidneys processed to create urine

Question 23

normally NO blood cells or large proteins enter as part of filtrate

Answer 23

true

Question 24

reabsorption stage of urine production

Answer 24

along the nephron beneficial molecules such as nutrients, water, and essential ions are reclaimed these are returned into the blood

Question 25

secretion stage of urine production

Answer 25

undesired molecules are actively removed and passed along the tubules of the nephron on their way to become urine

Question 26

site of filtration

Answer 26

renal corpuscle

Question 27

network of capillaries at the site of filtration aka renal corpuscle

Answer 27

afferent and efferent glomerulus capillaries

Question 28

capsule that surrounds the glomerulus

Answer 28

bowman capsule

Question 29

cells of the glomerulus capsule

Answer 29

podocytes

Question 30

morphology of podocytes

Answer 30

have fenestrations and filtration slits which make it highly permeable