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GI/GU Exam > Pelvic Viscera > Flashcards

Pelvic Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

What is contained in the prostatic urethra? (5)

A
  • urethral crest
  • prostatic sinuses (2)
  • seminal colliculus
  • prostatic utricle
  • openings of the ejaculatory ducts
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2
Q

What are the prostatic sinuses?

A

Lateral grooves where most prostatic ducts empty.

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3
Q

What is the prostatic utricle homologous to?

A

The uterus and vagina

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4
Q

What structure contributes the most to semen?

A

seminal vesicles

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5
Q

What do the seminal vesicles produce? What is in it?

A
  • seminal fluid

- fructose, mainly (for energy?)

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6
Q

What structures contribute to seminal fluid? (4) What do each of these contribute, exactly?

A
  • seminal vesicles – fructose
  • prostate – also fructose, but also fibrinolysin, zinc, proteolytic enzymes
  • bulbourethral glands – mucus, galactose
  • testes – sperm
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7
Q

What are the boundaries of the prostate gland? (5)

A
  • anterior = retropubic space w/fat
  • posterior = ampulla of rectum
  • inferiolaterally = levator ani muscle
  • lateral - prostatic venous plexus
  • superior = bladder
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8
Q

What ligaments support the bladder? (2, name different in males vs females)

A
  • puboprostatatic ligaments (male)

- pubovesicular ligaments (female)

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9
Q

Where is the internal urethral sphincter located? What is its innervation?

A

The bladder’s inferior end/ urethral proximal end; is a continuation of the detrusor muscle
- sympathetic fibers from T10-L2

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10
Q

Where is the external urethral sphincter located? What is its innervation?

A
  • the urogenital diaphragm

- pudendal n.

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11
Q

What supplies blood to the vas deferens?

A

Artery to the vas deferens

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12
Q

What supplies blood to the prostate? (3)

A
  • internal pudendal artery
  • inferior vesical artery
  • middle rectal artery
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13
Q

What supplies blood to the seminal vesicles? (3)

A
  • inferior vesical a.
  • internal pudendal a.
  • middle rectal a.
    Same as prostate - it is closely associated w/prostate!
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14
Q

What innervates the seminal vesicles? (Para and sym)

A

parasympathetic - inferior hypogastric plexus

sympathetic - superior lumbar n and hypogastric n.

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15
Q

What innervates the prostate? (para)

A

parasympathetic - prostatic plexus (from inferior hypogastric plexus)

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16
Q

Where does prostate cancer most often metastasize to? (2)

A
  • bone

- lungs

17
Q

What are the 3 layers of the uterus?

A
  • perimetrium
  • myometrium
  • endometrium
18
Q

What ligaments help to suspend the uterus? (4)

A
  • broad ligament
  • suspensory ligament of the ovary
  • round ligament
  • transverse cervical ligaments
  • uterosacral ligament
19
Q

What three parts is the broad ligament made up of?

A
  • mesoovarium
  • mesosalpinx
  • mesometrium
20
Q

What are the four parts of the uterine tubes?

A
  • infundibulum (end w/fingerlike projections)
  • ampulla (widest part right after infundibulum)
  • uterine part
  • isthmus (joins the uterus)
21
Q

What structures are distal to the pelvic pain line in females? (5)

A
  • bladder
  • vagina
  • uterine cervix
  • anal canal
  • distal rectum
22
Q

What are the parts of the uterus?

A
  • fundus (top 1/3)
  • body (middle 1/3)
  • cervix (lower 1/3)
23
Q

What innervates the uterus?

A
  • sympathetic fibers from uterovaginal plexus

- parasympathetic from pelvic splanchnic nerves

24
Q

Where does uterine cancer often metastasize to? Why?

A
  • labia majora
  • because the cancer cells follow lymphatic vessels along the round ligament down to the labia majora and into the superficial inguinal nodes that get lymph from perineum and labia
25
Q

What nerve would you anesthetize to block sensation to the scrotum?

A

Above L1
L1 fibers from ilioinguinal nerve do anterolateral scrotum, S3 fibers from pudendal nerve do postero-inferior surface, therefore must be higher than L1

26
Q

Where does cancer of the testis initially metastasize to? Where after that? (2)

A
  • Initially = retroperitoneal lumbar LNs

- later = mediastinal and supraclavicular LNs

27
Q

Where does cancer of the scrotum metastasize to?

A

superficial inguinal LNs

28
Q

What is the innervation to the ureters?

A

Pain fibers T10-L2

29
Q

What is the blood supply to the ureter? (5)

A
  • superior vesical a.
  • uterine a.
  • middle rectal a.
  • vaginal a. (in women only)
  • inferior vesical a. (in men only)
30
Q

What supplies blood to the uterine tubes?

A
  • uterine a.’s

- ovarian a.’s

31
Q

What supplies blood to the uterus?

A

uterine a’s

32
Q

What supplies blood to the vagina?

A
  • uterine a’s

- vaginal a’s

33
Q

What supplies blood to the cervix?

A

uterine a.

34
Q

What is the ovary innervated by?

A
  • sympathetic = ovarian plexuses

- parasym = uterine plexuses

35
Q

What is cervix innervated by?

A

uterovaginal plexus (inferior nerves)

36
Q

What is the vagina innervated by?

A
  • superior = sympathetic and parasym areas of pelvic plexus

- inferior = pudendal n.

GI/GU Exam (21 decks)

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