Pelvic Vessels, Nerves, and Lymphatics Flashcards
Which artery supplies the organs of the pelvic cavity?
The internal iliac artery
What arteries make up the posterior division of the pelvic cavity? (3)
- lateral sacral a’s.
- iliolumbar a.
- superior gluteal a.
What do the lateral sacral arteries supply? (2)
- Structures of sacral canal
- muscles and skin posterior to sacrum
What does the iliolumbar artery supply? (2)
- iliacus muscle
- lumbar region posterior to psoas major m.
What course does the iliolumbar artery take?
It goes between the obturator n. and lumbosacral trunk
What does the superior gluteal artery supply?
gluteal region
Where course does the superior gluteal branch take?
exits sciatic foramen superior to piriformis m.
What arteries make up the anterior division of the pelvic cavity? (8 b/w male and female)
- umbilical a. (obliterated after birth)
- superior vesical a.
- inferior vesical a.
- middle rectal a.
- obturator a.
- internal pudendal a.
- inferior gluteal a.
- uterine a.
What does the superior vesical artery supply?
bladder
What does the inferior vesical artery supply? (5)
- bladder
- seminal vesicle
- prostate
- ureter
- vas deferens
What does the middle rectal artery supply in the female? (2)
- rectum
- vagina
What does the middle rectal artery supply in the male? (4)
- prostate
- vas deferens
- seminal vesicle
- rectum
Where does the obturator exit the pelvis?
Obturator canal, enters medial thigh
What course does the internal pudendal artery take?
- exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen
- loops around ischial spine to enter perineum via lesser sciatic foramen
What does the internal pudendal artery supply? (2)
- inferior rectal artery
- gives branches to vagina
Where course does the inferior gluteal artery take?
It exits the sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis
What does the inferior gluteal artery supply?
gluteal region
What does the uterine artery supply? (2) What does it anastamose with?
- uterus
- vagina
- the ovarian artery
Do the pelvic venous plexuses have valves?
No
What do the pelvic venous plexuses connect with?
vertebral venous plexus (Batson’s veins)
What nerves make up the sacral plexus? (4)
- sciatic nerve (L4-S3)
- pudendal nerve (S2-S4)
- superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
- inferior gluteal nerve (L4-S2)
What course does the sciatic nerve take?
- Passes inferior to piriformis to enter gluteal region
- descends posterior thigh
What does the sciatic nerve innervate? (2)
- posterior compartment of thigh
- whole leg and foot
What course does the pudendal nerve take?
- passes b/w piriformis and coccygeus
- enters perineum though lesser sciatic foramen
What does the pudendal nerve innervate?
perineum
What course do the superior and inferior gluteal nerves take?
Pass superior to piriformis to enter gluteal region
What does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?
gluteus medius and minimus
What does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?
Gluteus maximus
What nerves make up the coccygeal plexus?
anterior rami of S4, S5, and C0
What does the coccygeal plexus innervate? (3)
- coccygeus m.
- part of levator ani m.
- sacrococcygeal joint
What other nerves arise from the coccygeal plexus? What do they innervate?
- anococcygeal nerves
- supply skin b/w of coccyx and anus
What nerves make up the pelvic autonomic nerves? (2)
- inferior hypogastric plexus
- pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4)
What do branches of the inferior hypogastric plexus make?
- sub-plexuses known as pelvic plexuses
What do the sub-plexuses innervate in both males and females? (2)
- lateral rectum
- inferolateral urinary bladder
What do the sub-plexuses associate with in males? (2)
- prostate
- seminal vesicles
What do the sub-plexuses associate with in females? (2)
- cervix
- lateral fornices of vagina
What do the parasympathetic fibers of prostatic plexus innervate?
the penis, producing an erection
What do the pelvic splanchnic nerves supply? (5)
parasympathetic innervation to:
- pelvic viscera
- descending colon
- sigmoid colon
- rectum
- proximal anal canal
