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Anatomy Upper Extremity > pelvic viscera > Flashcards

pelvic viscera Flashcards

1
Q

what are the boundaries of the pelvic inlet

A

Posterior border of pubic crest
Pecten pubis
Anterior border of sacral ala
Sacral promontory

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2
Q

what are the boundaries of the pelvic outlet

A

Pubic symphysis
Tip of coccyx
Sacrotuberous ligament
Inferior rami of pubic and ischial tuberosities

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3
Q

describe the greater pelvis (false pelvis)

A

Part of the pelvis superior to the pelvic inlet.
Bounded by the iliac alae and the superior aspect of S1
Occupied by abdominal viscera

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4
Q

describe lesser pelvis (true pelvis)

A

Between thepelvic inletandpelvic outlet.
Bounded by the pelvic surfaces of the hip bones, sacrum, and coccyx.

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5
Q

what are the pelvic joints

A

sacro-iliac
pubic sympysis
lumbosacral
sacrococcygeal

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6
Q

sacro-iliac joint

A

Link theaxial skeletonand theinferior
appendicular skeleton
Limited mobility is allowed here

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7
Q

pubic sympysis

A

Region between two pubic bones
Fibrocartilaginous

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8
Q

lumbosacral joint

A

Between the L5 and S1 vertebrae
Strengthened by iliolumbar ligaments

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9
Q

sacrococcygeal joint

A

between the sacrum and coccyx

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10
Q

what are the pelvic ligament

A

Anterior sacroiliac
Posterior sacroiliac
Sacrotuberous*
Sacrospinous*
Sacrococcygeal

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11
Q

the internal iliac artery branch comes from the

A

common iliac artery

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12
Q

autonomics of the pelvic

A

sacral sympathetic trunk
hypogastric plexi
pelvic sphlanic nerves
visceral afferents

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13
Q

somatics of the pelvic includes what nerves

A

sacral plexus (L4-S4)
- lumbosacral trunk
- sciatic
- prudendal nerve
- superior gluteal nerve
- inferior gluteal nerve
obturator nerve (L2-L4)

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14
Q

sympathetics of the pelvic

A

produce vasoconstriction, inhibits peristaltic contraction of the rectum/anal canal, and stimulates contraction of the genital organs during orgasm.

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15
Q

parasympathetics of the pelvic

A

stimulate contraction of the rectum and bladder, activate erectile tissues for erection

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16
Q

what are ureters and where

A

Muscular tubes that are retroperitoneal
Pass obliquely through the muscular wall of the urinary bladder.
Arterial supply-common iliac, abdominal aorta and ovarian/testicular arteries

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17
Q

regions of the bladder

A

apex: points toward pubic symphysis
body: in beletween apex and fundus
fundus: opposite the apex

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18
Q

the male bladder borders

A

the bladder rests against the pubis, and its upper surface, which is covered by peritoneum, is bordered by abdominal viscera.
The posterior aspect (or base) of the bladder, in males, is partially separated from the rectum by the rectovesical pouch.
In males, the neck of the urinary bladder (where the urethra begins) rests on the prostate gland

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19
Q

the female bladder borders

A

the bladder rests against the pubis, but is bordered by the uterus superiorly and by the vagina posteriorly
In females (there is no prostate gland), the urethra leaves the neck of the bladder to pass into the fascial tissue covering the anterior wall of the vagina.

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20
Q

what makes up the muscular wall of the bladder

A

detrusor

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21
Q

what separates the bladder from the pubic bone

A

retropubic space

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22
Q

what is the trigone of the bladder

A

ureteric orifices and internal urethal orifice

23
Q

where does the prostatic urethra begin

A

trigone of the bladder

24
Q

where does the prostatic uretha run to

A

the region of sphincter urethra muscle (or external urethral sphincter) where it is called membranous uretha

25
Q

when is the prostatic urethra called the spongy urethra

A

As the urethra enters the bulbus penis

26
Q

what is the urethral crust

A

a central vertical ridge on the posterior wall of the prostatic urethra. Its central part is expanded to form the colliculus semilunaris

27
Q

what is the prostatic utricle

A

A vertical slit in the center of the colliculus,

28
Q

what are the openings of the ejaculatory ducts

A

seen as vertical slits on the colliculus on each side of the opening of the prostatic utricle.

29
Q

what are the prostatic sinuses

A

grooves on either side of the urethral crest; this is where the numerous ducts of the prostate gland enter the urethra.

30
Q

what sphincter is striated muscle in the female urethra

A

the external urethral spincter

31
Q

where is the external urethral orifice located

A

in the vestibule of the cagina a region bounded by labia minora

32
Q

rectum connects, begins and ends where?

A

the sigmoid colon to the anal canal
Begins at the level of the sacral promontory and ends at the level of the levator ani

33
Q

where does the rectum begin

A

third segment of the sacrum

34
Q

whats the arterial supply to the rectum

A

comes from superior rectal artery and middle rectal arteries

35
Q

the superior rectal artery is the terminal branch of the

A

inferior mesenteric artery

36
Q

what are the male reproductive structures and what supplies them

A

ductus deferens, seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct
supplied by superior and inferior vesicle arteries

37
Q

ductus deferens

A

Has relatively thick muscular walls
Begins in the tail of the epididymis
Conveys sperms to the ejaculatory duct

38
Q

seminal vesicle

A

is a long, coiled, tube-like, glandular structure that secretes part of the seminal fluid
does NOT store sperm

39
Q

ejaculatory duct

A

Duct of the seminal vesicle/gland with the ampulla of the ductus (vas) deferens
Opens into the prostatic urethra

40
Q

prostate

A

Two thirds is glandular and the other third is fibromuscular.
Secretes an alkaline solution protective for sperm
The prostatic urethra and two ejaculatory ducts traverse it
Situated inferior to the bladder
Supplied by the inferior vesical artery

41
Q

bulbourethral glands

A

Largely embedded within the external urethral sphincter
Theducts open in the proximal part of the spongy urethra
Produce a mucus-like secretion which neutralizes the acidic urine in the urethra
Supplied by branches off the internal pudendal artery

42
Q

parts of the uterus

A

fundus:superior to uterine tubes
body
cervix (supravaginal part and vaginal part)
wall of uterus (perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium)

43
Q

ligaments of the uterus

A

broad ligament
round ligament
transverse cervical
uterosacral

44
Q

broad ligament

A

Double fold of peritoneum-divided into 3 parts
Provides passive support to the uterus
Extends from sides of uterus to lateral walls and floor of pelvis
Laterally it becomes the suspensory ligaments
Divided into:
Mesovarium: contains the ovaries
Mesosalpinx: contains the uterine tubes
Mesometrium: mesentery of the uterus

45
Q

rounds ligament of the uterus

A

Body of uterus to labia majora-remnant of female gubernaculum
Helps maintain the anteversion position of the uterus during pregnancy

46
Q

transverse cervical ligament

A

From the cervix and lateral parts of the vaginal fornix to the lateral walls of the pelvis
Transmits uterine vessels

47
Q

uterosacral ligament

A

Posteriorly from sides of cervix to the middle of the sacrum
Provides passive support to the uterus

48
Q

uterine tubes

A

extend from the uterus to the ovaries
infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, uterine part

49
Q

ovaries are suspended by the

A

mesovarium: portion of broad ligament
Suspensory ligaments: attachment to pelvic wall
Ligament of the ovary (ovarian ligament): attachment to uterus

50
Q

ovaries are supplied

A

the ovarian (from aorta) and uterine arteries (from internal iliac)

51
Q

what do the ovarian arteries travel within

A

the suspensory ligament

52
Q

vestibule contains

A

the vaginal and urethral orifices
openings of the greater vestibular glands

53
Q

vascular supply of the vagina

A

uterine arteries supply the superior part
vaginal artery and internal pudendal supply middle and inferior parts

Anatomy Upper Extremity (12 decks)

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