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Anatomy Upper Extremity > abdomen 2 > Flashcards

abdomen 2 Flashcards

1
Q

branches of SMA

A

Intestinal (jejunal and ileal) branches
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries
Middle colic artery
Right colic artery
Ileocolic artery
Appendicular artery

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2
Q

branches of IMA

A

Left colic artery
Sigmoid arteries
Superior rectal artery

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3
Q

marginal artery is made of

A

anastomes between
right colic
left colic
middle colic

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4
Q

there are less arcases and longer rects near the

A

jejunum

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5
Q

there are more arcades and shorter vasa recta near the

A

ileum

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6
Q

inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries supply

A

the pancreas and duodenum and anastomose with the superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries

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7
Q

the middle colic supplies

A

transverse colon

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8
Q

right colic artery travel

A

to right to supply the ascending colon

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9
Q

ileocolic artery travels

A

toward the ileocecal junction to supply the distal ileum and cecum

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10
Q

the appendicular artery

A

is a branch of the ileocolic artery that supplies the appendix

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11
Q

left colic travels

A

travels to the left to supply the descending colon

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12
Q

sigmoid artery

A

is often present as several branches that supply the sigmoid colon

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13
Q

superior rectal artery

A

descends to supply the superior part of the rectum

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14
Q

hepatic portal vein

A

formed by splenic vein and superior mesenteric vein joining together, the inferior mesenteric vein drains into the splenic

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15
Q

cranial parasympathetic outflow to the abdominal viscera

A

Preganglionic parasympathetic neuron arises from brainstem
Conveyed in vagus nerve (CN X)
Innervates gut tube until the splenic flexure

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16
Q

Sacral parasympathetic outflow to abdominal viscera:

A

Preganglionic parasympathetic neuron arises from S2-S4
Conveyed in pelvic splanchnic nerves
Innervates gut tube distal to the splenic flexure

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17
Q

vagus nerve

A

Carries preganglionic parasympathetic neurons from the brainstem to the stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, and transverse colon

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18
Q

Pelvic splanchnic nerves

A

Pelvic splanchnic nerves arise from the ventral rami of S2-S4
Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons travel through ventral rootlets, ventral roots, spinal nerves, and ventral rami of S2-S4 to enter pelvic splanchnic nerves
Carry parasympathetic preganglionic fibers from S2-S4 to the descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum

19
Q

vagus nerve conveys

A

preganglionic parasympathetic neurons from the brainstem to the gut tube up to the splenic flexure

20
Q

pelvic splanchnic nerves convery

A

preganglionic parasympathetic neurons from S2-S4 to the gut tube distal to the splenic flexure

21
Q

celiac ganglion

A

supplies sympathetic postganglionic innervation to the foregut

22
Q

superior mesenteric gnaglion

A

supplies sympathetic postganglionic innervation to the midgut

23
Q

inferior mesenteric ganglion

A

supplies sympathetic postganglionic innervation to the hindgut

24
Q

renal arteries

A

travel horizontally from the aorta to supply the kidneys

25
Q

renal veins

A

drain into the IVC

26
Q

gonadal arteries

A

branch from the aorta and supply the gonads (i.e., testes and ovaries)

27
Q

gonadal veins

A

Right gonadal vein drains into the IVC
Left gonadal vein drains into the left renal vein

28
Q

ureters

A

extend inferiorly from the kidneys and travel through the retroperitoneal space
The ureters carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder, which is located in the pelvic cavity

29
Q

adrenal glands

A

rest on the superior poles of kidneys
are involved in the body’s stress response as they release epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol into the bloodstream

30
Q

the kidney outer layer

A

renal cortex

31
Q

inner renal region

A

renal medulla

32
Q

components of kidneys

A

composed of minor (mC) and major (MC) calyces leading into the renal pelvis and the ureter

33
Q

kidneys purpose

A

filter blood and concentrate urine, which leaves the kidneys via the calyces, renal pelvis, and ureter

34
Q

kidney renal medulla is divided into 3 structures

A

renal pyramids
renal papillae
renal colimns

35
Q

muscles of posterior abdominal wall

A

Psoas major
Psoas minor
Iliacus
Quadratus lumborum

36
Q

nerves of lumbar plexus

A

Iliohypogastric (L1)
Ilioinguinal (L1)
Genitofemoral (L1, L2)
Lateral femoral cutaneous (L2, L3)
Obturator (L2-L4)
Femoral (L2-L4)

37
Q

subcostal nerve is

A

ventral rami of T12
courses inferior to 12th rib

38
Q

iliohypogastric nerve

A

spinal levels L1
innervatoin: Transversus abdominis
Internal oblique
cutanrous innervation: Skin of the lateral, superior hip
Skin above the inguinal ligament

39
Q

ilioinguinal nerve

A

spinal levels: L1
muscular innervation: Transversus abdominis
Internal oblique
cutaneous innervation: skin of the groin

40
Q

genitofemoral nerve

A

spinal nerve : L1,L2
muscular innervations: cremaster muscle in scrotum (via genital branch)
cutaneous innervation: skin of the femoral triangle, skin of the groin

41
Q

lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

A

spinal levels: L2,L3
no muscular innervation
cutaneous innervation: lateral aspect of the skin of the thigh

42
Q

femoral nerve

A

spinal levels: L2 L3 L4
muscular innervation:Psoas major, psoas minor, iliacus, and all muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh

cutaneous innervation:Anterior skin of the thigh, knee, and leg

43
Q

obturator nerve

A

spinal level: L2 L3 L4
muscular innervation: all muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh
cutaneous innervation: medial skin of thigh

44
Q

lumbosacral trunk

A

spinal levels: L4 L5
connects lumbar plexus and sacral plexus

Anatomy Upper Extremity (12 decks)

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