anterior abdominal wall

Question 1

what are the parts of the superficial fascia of the abdominal wall

Answer 1

campers fascia and scarpas fascia

Question 2

muscles of the abdominal wall

Answer 2

rectus abdominis
external oblique
internal oblique
transverse abdominis

Question 3

what makes up the rectus sheath and linea alba

Answer 3

the aponeuroses of lateral abdominal wall muscles

Question 4

what intervates the abdominal wall muscles

Answer 4

ventral rami (subcostal T12, ilioinguinal L1, ilihypogastric L1)

Question 5

lateral abdominal wall muscle actions

Answer 5

bilaterally flex trunk
unilaterally rotate and laterally flex trunk

Question 6

rectus abdomins action

Answer 6

flex trnk

Question 7

superior to the acruate line

Answer 7

anterior and posterior layer of rectus sheath

Question 8

the acruate line is

Answer 8

the lower limit of the posterior layer of the rectus sheath, representing the shift of the aponeuroses to only being present anterior to the rectus abdominis

Question 9

round ligament of the liver

Answer 9

connects the liver to the umbilicus

Question 10

median umbilical fold

Answer 10

single fold of parietal peritoneum at the midline from the bladder to the umbilicus
contains the urachus

Question 11

medial umbilical fold

Answer 11

paired folds of parietal peritoneum lateral to the median umbilical fold
Contain the obliterated umbilical arterie

Question 12

lateral umbilical fold

Answer 12

paired folds of parietal peritoneum lateral to medial umbilical folds
Contain the inferior epigastric vessels

Question 13

what supplies the posterior and abdominal wall with blood

Answer 13

lumbar arteries that arise from the aorta

Question 14

the aorta bifurcates into

Answer 14

the right and. left common iliac arteries

Question 15

the common iliac arteries branch into

Answer 15

the internal and external iliac arteries

Question 16

the internal iliac artery enters the

Answer 16

pelvis

Question 17

the external iliac artery enters the

Answer 17

lower limb to become the femoral artery

Question 18

external iliac artery branchs into

Answer 18

deep cirumflex and inferior epigastric artery

Question 19

internal thoracic artery branches to

Answer 19

superior epigastric artery that anastomeses w inferior epigastric artery in rectus sheath

Question 20

the inguinal ligament is

Answer 20

thick fibrous band that extends from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the pubic tubercle
Formed by the inferior portion of external oblique aponeurosis

Question 21

the inguinal canal is

Answer 21

a passageway in the inferior part of the anterior abdominal wall

Question 22

inguinal canal allows

Answer 22

communication between abdominal cavity and groin

Question 23

the inguinal canal travels

Answer 23

from the deep inguinal ring to the superior inguinal ring

Question 24

the deep ingiunal ring is

Answer 24

hole in the transveralis fascia

Question 25

the superficial inguinal ring is

Answer 25

hole in external oblique aponeurosis that allows structures to exit the inguinal canal

Question 26

main contents of the inguinal canal

Answer 26

round ligament and spermatic cord

Question 27

the round ligament of the uterus

Answer 27

genital branch of genitofemoral nerve, ilioinguinal nerve, and obliterated processus vaginalis

Question 28

spermatic cord is

Answer 28

carries nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics, and the ductus/vas deferens from the abdominal cavity to the scrotum
- Begins at deep inguinal ring  through inguinal canal  exits via superficial inguinal ring
Contains layers of the lateral abdominal wall

Question 29

the gonads develop in

Answer 29

the posterior abdominal wall of the embryo and descend during embryonic development

Question 30

gubernaculum

Answer 30

fibrous band that guides the descent of the gonads

Question 31

spermatic cord

Answer 31

carries nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics, and the ductus/vas deferens from the abdominal cavity to the scrotum

Question 32

the spermatic cord begins at

Answer 32

Begins at deep inguinal ring  through inguinal canal  exits via superficial inguinal ring
Contains layers of the lateral abdominal wall

Question 33

spermatic cord layers

Answer 33

External spermatic fascia (ESF)
Derived from external oblique
Cremasteric fascia and muscle (C)
Derived from internal oblique
Internal spermatic fascia (ISF)
Derived from transversalis fascia

Question 34

spermatic cord contents

Answer 34

ductus/vas deferens
testicular arteries
pampiniform venous plexus
gential branches of gentofemoral nerce

Question 35

vas deferns

Answer 35

Muscular tubes that carry sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct

Question 36

testicular arteries

Answer 36

Branch of aorta
At vertebral level L2
Supply blood to the testes and epididymis

Question 37

pampiniform venous plexus

Answer 37

Drain blood from testis and epididymis
Network of veins in the spermatic cord and scrotum
Converge superiorly to form testicular veins
Thermoregulatory function

Question 38

gential branches of gentiofemoral nerve

Answer 38

Innervate skin of scrotum and cremaster muscle and fascia
Cremaster reflex: tests spinal levels L1 and L2
Test newborns for cryptorchidism

Question 39

scrotum

Answer 39

an outgrowth of anterior abdominal wall

Question 40

scrotum contains

Answer 40

the testes, epididymis, and the contents of the spermatic cord

Question 41

deep to the skin of the scrotum is

Answer 41

dartos fsacia and muscle which is dervied from scarpas fascia

Question 42

testes

Answer 42

are gonads and produce sperm and testosterone
The testes are located within the scrotum
The testes are surrounded by a dense fibrous sheath, called the tunica albuginea of the testis
The tunica albuginea surrounds the seminiferous tubules of the testes, which is where sperm production occurs

Question 43

round ligament of the uterus

Answer 43

from the uterus to the labia majora