Peds Flashcards
Who should NOT receive the rotavirus vaccine?
- h/o intussusception (inc risk of intussusception)
- severe immune compromised (except for HIV– >still recommended)
At what age can a baby transfer a cube and begin to self-feed?
6 months
At what age can an infant roll over and laugh?
3 months
At what age does object permanence develop?
9 months
At what age can a child drink from a cup?
1 year
At what age can a child use a fork and spoon and walk backward and run?
15 months
At what age can a child climb stairs and brush their teeth with help?
18 months
At what age does stranger anxiety develop?
6-12 months
At what age does separation anxiety develop?
12-15 months
At what age can a child copy a circle, jump forward, and dress themselves?
3 yo
At what age can a child hop on one foot and button their clothing?
4 yo
At what age can a child tie their shoes and cope a square and triangle?
5 yo
At what age can a child skip and begin developing logical thinking?
6 years old.
How many calories are present in an ounce of breast milk or formula?
20kcal/ounce
What are the caloric requirements for an infant
100-120kcal/kg/day
Baby with swelling of the scalp which crosses the suture lines?
Caput seccedaneum
Baby with swelling of the scalp which does NOT cross the suture lines?
cephalohematoma
2-3mm yellow pustules with a red base arising in the first 24-72 hours of life, with pustular contents that reveal eosinophils?
Erythema toxic neonatorum
White papules caused by the retention of keratin and sebaceous material in pilosebaceous follicles?
milia
Bluish discoloration over the buttock and base of the spine, usually fades in 1-2 years?
Mongolian spots (document well so that it isn’t confused with abuse)
Yellow papule around the more and cheeks that begins about 3-4 months and can persist until about 3yo?
Infantile acne
What is the treatment for thrush?
nystatin oral suspension
Which tanner stage? Testicular and scrotal growth with skin coarsening
Stage 2
Which tanner stage? Penile enlargement and further testicular growth
Stage 3
Which tanner stage? Further growth of the glans and darkening of the scrotal skin
Stage 4
What is the karyotype of Klinefelters?
47XXY
Most common cause of primary amenorrhea?
Turners 45XO
Increased nuchal translucency on fetal US?
Down syndrome
Hypertonia, micrognathia, rocker-bottom feet, cardiac defects (PDA, VSD) and GI defects (omphalocele or Meckel)?
Trisomy 18 (Edwards)
Cleft lip and palate, rounded nose, polydactyly, cardiac and CNS defects, and severe intellectual disability?
Patau (trisomy 13) syndrome
Elfin facial features and cardiac defects?
Williams syndrome
High-pitched, cat-like cry?
Cri du chat
Obesity and overeating?
Prader-Willi syndrome
Girl with happy mood, inappropriate laughter, ataxic gait?
Angelman syndrome
Male with large ears, intellectual disability, macroorchidism?
Fragile X
If a female child is 80th percentile for height and 25th percentile for head circumference, what chromosomal abnormality should you suspect?
47XXX
Which vessel carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus?
umbilical vein
What are the 3 areas of shunting in fetal blood flow?
- ductus venosus (liver)
- Patent foramen ovale
- Ductus arteriosus (between pulmonary A and aorta)
Continuous machine-like murmur with wide pulse pressure and bounding pulses in an infant?
PDA
Tx of PDA?
Indomethacin (inhibits prostaglandins)
Risk for ASD?
Trisomy 21
Fixed split S2?
ASD
What is Eisenmenger syndrome?
When a long standing left –> right shunt switches to a right –> left shunt 2/2 RV hypertrophy
-Pts become cyanotic
Elevated BP in arms and low BP in the legs?
Coarctation of the aorta
How should a coarctation of the aorta in a newborn be managed?
PGE to keep the ductus open then surgical correction
Notching of the ribs of chest x-ray?
Coarctation of the aorta